The Dog Daily: Health Care

Veterinary Trend: Dog-only Clinics

• Expertise: Kelsey focuses his continuing education on dog-related health issues. He’s particularly tuned in to health matters that affect certain dog breeds. The repetition of seeing dogs each day helps in making diagnoses and developing familiarity with dog-related medical problems.
• Dog behavior: Cat owners often choose cat-only practitioners to avoid the stress of sharing a facility with dogs, but being around other species can be upsetting for dogs as well. Your dog might be calmer and behave better in a dog-only clinic. “A lot of the dogs that might have had problems at other clinics act really good here,” says Kelsey.
• Facilities: At Kelsey Canine Medical Center, the exam rooms are a bit roomier. Two exam rooms feature lift tables so that large breeds can be easily transported from ground level to a comfortable exam height. At Gilroy Veterinary Hospital in Gilroy, Calif., Dr. Greg Martinez is a dog-focused veterinarian, though he does treat cats. However, he accommodates his dog patients with bigger exams rooms and plenty of space to walk a dog.
• Allergies: If you own a dog but are allergic to cats, you may prefer a dog-only clinic.

The Daily Cat: Nutrition Now

Foods for Healthy Hair

Has your cat’s natural fur coat lost some of its former lustrous sleek shine? This visual signal could be a message to you that your furry friend is not receiving enough of the right nutrients in its diet.  Protein, fat, vitamins and minerals are all essential for supporting the skin and coat health of your cat. To understand the role of these nutrients, you should first learn a few things about skin and hair.

Medical researchers believe the purpose of skin and hair is to block things from leaving or entering the body. Water and heat are two things that the skin and hair often help your feline to retain, while viruses and bacteria are sent packing.

Your cat’s hairy coat is composed almost entirely of protein. If your pet’s diet doesn’t contain sufficient amounts of certain proteins, the fur literally may fly, since it could fall out.   The fur may also become dry, weak and brittle.

Skin, on the other hand, is made up of something called "squamous cells." These are flat cells that are packed tightly together. The cells have tough membranes composed of proteins and fats. Without proper amounts of these nutrients, cell membranes can weaken, which could allow water to escape. At this point, bacteria and viruses may then enter your cat’s body more easily.

Essential Amino Acids and Fatty Acids
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Both animal and plant-based ingredients may contain proteins, but those found in animal-derived foods usually contain all of the essential amino acids that your cat will need. Plant-based proteins, however, may contain only some essential amino acids. Your cat therefore needs animal-based proteins to achieve optimal health.

Fats can also be found in both animal and plant-based ingredients. They are incorporated into skin cells as fatty acids. There are two essential fatty acids for skin and coat health. Linoleic acid maintains skin and coat condition in your cat. Without enough linoleic acid, your pet may experience a dull, dry coat, hair loss, greasy skin, and even an increased susceptibility to skin inflammation. Your cat also requires something called  arachidonic acid to maintain its skin and coat health.

Both linoleic and arachidonic acid are in the omega-6 fatty acid group.  These essential fatty acids are found in animal tissues like chicken fat and in vegetable oils, such as those derived from corn and soybeans.

Most commercial cat foods contain more than adequate amounts of omega-6 fatty acids, but because your feline’s body can convert these fatty acids into compounds that promote skin inflammation, it is important to balance the omega 6’s in your cat’s diet with omega-3 fatty acids, which do not promote inflammation.

Omega-3 fatty acids are found in oils from fish and some plants, such as canola and flax. You have probably heard about the importance of these acids in human health as well. Scientific researchers have found what they believe is the perfect ratio of fatty acids in kitty diets. This is 5-10 omega-6 fatty acids for every 1 omega-3 fatty acid. That delicate balance seems to help cats to achieve a healthy coat and skin.

Vitamins and Minerals
Vitamins and minerals are equally important in the development and maintenance of your cat’s skin and fur coat. The best way that you can provide these nutrients is by providing your cat with a complete and balanced diet that contains appropriate amounts of essential vitamins and minerals.  It is best to do this through your cat’s food rather than attempting to make corrections by use of dietary supplements.

Here is a handy guide that explains how certain vitamins and minerals may affect your cat’s health and appearance.

Changes in Coat Condition
While diet may be to blame for your feline’s flaky skin and dull coat, other factors are at work too. Aside from nutritional imbalances, common causes for undesired changes to the appearance of your feline’s skin and fur include seasonal influences and factors associated with aging.

In terms of the seasons, cold weather usually prompts internal changes that enable your cat to grow a thick coat to help it to lock in heat and to keep cold air out. When the weather warms up, your kitty sheds much of its thick, heavy coat.

As a kitten, your cat likely had soft fuzzy hair, but with age, your little fuzzball developed a coarser coat. Pregnant felines also may experience a change in coat condition or hair loss. And, as with humans, the hair on your cat as it reaches its senior years may thin out and become coarser. It could even turn white.

Skin and fur problems associated with aging may be mostly out of your hands, but your pet’s nutrition isn’t. Cats seem to pride themselves on their appearance, and that includes their sleek fur. Don’t let your cat down. Feed your feline a balanced diet with appropriate nutrients to help ensure that your cat will look and feel its very best.

The Dog Daily: Diet

Dog Food That Maintains Healthy Digestion

• Beet Pulp The term “digestibility” refers to how easily food goes down -- and how readily absorbable its ingredients make its nutrients. According to Nelson, the best fiber source is moderately fermentable, which comes in the form of beet pulp.
• Prebiotics These are ingredients that promote the gut’s natural, good bacteria while keeping the bad bacteria in check. The next ingredient on Nelson’s list of must-haves is the prebiotic fructooligosaccharides (FOS), which crowds out the bad bacteria and feed the good.
• Grain sorghum and barley Research has found that the combination of these complex carbohydrates also enhances digestibility. providing a stable source of energy throughout the day.

The Dog Daily: Health Care

High-Maintenance Hounds Abound at National Dog Show

The Daily Cat: Blissful Cat

What Purring Means

The Daily Cat: Blissful Cat

Children and New Cats

The Dog Daily: Diet

Does Your Dog Need Vitamins?

The Daily Cat: Blissful Cat

Exercise for Couch Potato Cats

Many is the cat owner who comes home to find the resident feline sprawled out on the couch -- in exactly the same place it was several hours before. If this sounds familiar, then your cat is probably in need of a little feline physical fitness.

Exercise is beneficial to your cat in several ways. For one, it can alleviate the boredom that sometimes leads to bouts of bad behavior, says Nancy Peterson, an issues specialist at The Humane Society of the United States in Washington, D.C. A little workout might ward off situations that involve chewing the legs of your dining room chairs, swinging on curtains, playing with your clothing, and so on.

Regular exercise can also keep your pet healthy and prevent disease. According to Peterson, heavier cats face a higher risk of developing heart problems and feline diabetes. And the more your cat exercises, the greater its muscle strength and flexibility, says James R. Richards, a veterinarian and director of the Cornell Feline Health Center at the Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine in Ithaca, New York. "A lot of cats live indoors these days, which is beneficial for their health in terms of keeping them away from infectious agents outdoors. But we have a lot of bored, fat, couch potato cats out there. The high point of their day is when they jump off the couch and head to the feeding dish."

Consider it your job to keep your cat interested in some sort of exercise, says Jean Duddy, DVM, a veterinarian who specializes in internal medicine at Angell Animal Medical Center in Boston. "If your cat tends to be sedentary and you don’t change that pattern, it will remain sedentary," she says. "Keep at it even when your cat walks away."

Experiment with different toys until you find some that capture your cat’s interest and excitement. Some felines love interactive wand-like gadgets that prompt them to leap in the air, while other cats prefer to sit in hiding and pounce on objects, says Peterson. "Even older cats can be enticed to play with most wand toys," Peterson says. "But regardless of age, what’s most important is to make exercise a routine part of the day. An adult cat will benefit from at least twice-a-day play sessions, preferably at set times." To keep things fun, rotate the toys on a weekly basis so that boredom doesn’t set in. 

Finally, if your cat is already overweight, be sure to speak to your veterinarian before jump-starting a regular exercise routine. Your vet can rule out any underlying medical issues that should be treated, or considered, in advance.

The Dog Daily: Diet

Family Grocery List Goes to the Dogs

The Daily Cat: Blissful Cat

Nail Trimming at a Good Clip

The Dog Daily: Diet

Do French Dogs Get Fat?

The Daily Cat: Safety

Climate Change and Your Cat’s Health

• Be diligent about administering your cat’s flea treatment on the proper schedule.
• Do not allow your pet access to the outdoors, especially to wooded and tall grass areas where ticks and fleas thrive.
• During the warmer months, check your pet daily for ticks.

• Keep your cat indoors at all times.
• Never leave your pet exposed to the elements or inside the car in extreme temperatures.
• Always make sure your pet has access to plenty of water.
• Make arrangements for your pet now in the event of a natural disaster.

The Dog Daily: Diet

Nine Beneficial Dog Food Ingredients

• Chicken and Egg High-quality protein in these food items helps build and maintain strong muscles.

• Carrots These are high in beta-carotene that can be converted to vitamin A, which helps in vision. AAFCO requirements call for a minimum of 5,000 IU/kg in the canine diet.

• Tomatoes These are rich in beta-carotene and vitamin C, which are antioxidants that can limit damage to cells and promote a strong immune system.

• Peas These have antioxidants, including Vitamin E, which promote a strong immune system and limit damage to cells. AAFCO requirements call for a minimum of 50 IU/kg in a healthy dog’s diet.

• Spinach This leafy green vegetable has many of the essential vitamins and minerals -- including vitamin A, manganese, riboflavin, calcium and iron -- that the AAFCO says a dog needs. Spinach is linked to a healthy heart, among other positive benefits.

• Apples and Beets Fruits and vegetables contain natural fiber that helps promote a healthy digestive system in canines.

• Fish Oil and Flaxseed Fish oil and flaxseed, both rich in omega-3 fatty acids, contribute to skin health and coat shine.

• Grains Wholesome whole grains such as rice, sorghum and barley provide a natural source of energy and vitality to dogs.

• Calcium Natural calcium promotes strong teeth and bones, not only in humans but in canines, too.

The Daily Cat: Safety

Keep Your Cat Cool This Summer

• Don’t leave your cat in a parked car Don’t do this even for a few minutes. The inside of a car can heat up rapidly, making it much hotter than the outside temperature. Leaving the window open a few inches does not make the car cooler inside.

• Don’t forget to leave fresh water for your cat Leave several bowls of water in the house so your cat will be sure to get plenty of it.

• Don’t shave your cat’s fur Your feline’s fur offers some protection against sunburn. Cats that are pale or have light-skinned fur must stay out of the sun. “The ears and tips of noses of light-colored cats can get skin cancer,” says Bernadine Cruz, DVM, of Laguna Hills Animal Hospital, a member of the American Veterinary Medical Association. Applying sunscreen could help, but most cats will find a way to lick off the potentially toxic substance pretty quickly, says Dr. Cruz.

• Don’t tether your cat outside Even if you think shade will protect your cat, the sun may shift, exposing the cat to direct sunlight before you realize it.

• Don’t ignore signs of heat stroke “The signs include panting rapidly, having trouble breathing and increased heart rate,” says Peterson. “A cat may act like it’s drunk by walking strangely, and its gums will be redder than normal.” If you notice any of these symptoms, wrap your cat in a cool, wet towel, and get it to your veterinarian or an animal hospital as quickly as possible.

• Cool down your house as much as possible before you leave for work. Cover the windows and leave the air conditioning on “low,” if you can.

• If you don’t have air conditioning, place fans in the windows and run them on “exhaust” to circulate the air without sucking in the hot air from outside, suggests Karen Commings, author of The Cat Lover’s Survival Guide (Barron’s 2001).

• Put small plastic containers filled with water in the freezer overnight. During the day, place these containers (now filled with blocks of ice) around your cat’s favorite sleeping spot.

• Freeze a bottle of water and place it in your cat’s bed, or place a package of frozen peas just under the covering of your cat’s bed. (You could later eat the defrosted peas for dinner!)

• If possible, allow your cat access to your basement, says Commings. This could particularly benefit older cats, which may not be as mobile, or able to locate a cool spot for themselves.

• Consider keeping your cat in the bathroom during the day, says Dr. Cruz. Cats sometimes like to lie on the cool tiles, in the bathtub or in the sink.

• If you have a screened-in patio where your cat likes to hang out, put up shades on the sides that face the sun. Provide plenty of fresh water. Check on the bowl throughout the day to make sure the water hasn’t evaporated.

• If you have to go on a car trip with your cat, travel at night or early in the morning when it’s coolest, says Dr. Cruz.

• Keep the car AC on, but make sure that the airflow actually reaches your cat’s carrier, Dr. Cruz advises.

• Lay a wet towel over your cat’s carrier if you must travel with your pet in the car during the day.

• Keep a spray bottle of cold water handy to wet your cat’s coat during any necessary car trips.

• Fill the feed cups inside the carrier with crushed ice for extra cooling.

• Buy a small battery-operated fan to attach to the outside of your cat’s carrier. Keep extra batteries on hand in case you need them.

• Place your cat’s food and water bowl away from sunlight, says Commings. Fill the water bowl with ice cubes to keep the water chilled for hours.

• Keep activity to a minimum. Don’t encourage your kitty to play on hot days.

• Monitor your cat when the heat soars. If possible, dash home on your lunch hour to make sure the water dish is filled and that your cat appears healthy and happy. If you’re going out in the evening, check in at home first. If you’re heading out for a day trip, such as a visit to the beach, enlist a neighbor to look in on your cat while you’re gone.

• Buy an electronic, drinking-fountain style water bowl, suggests Commings. “Add some ice cubes to the water to cool it down, too,” she says.

• Consider buying a cat bed that stays comfortably cool with low-voltage electricity.

• If you’re unsure that your house will be cool enough for your cat, line up a friend or cat sitter with a cooler home now who would be willing to keep your pet for the day.

• AC busted? Take your kitty and check yourselves into a pet-friendly hotel for the night.

The Dog Daily: Diet

Can Dog Food Protect Your Pet?

The Daily Cat: Safety

When Hairballs Become Hazardous

1. Continued retching that does not culminate with the expulsion of a hairball
2. Frequent diarrhea
3. Loss of appetite following repeated hairball episodes

• Brush your kitty “You really need to get down to the skin to loosen some of the fur,” says Dr. Cruz, who recommends using a soft rubbery brush for the task. Follow up with gentle combing using a fine-tooth comb. Older cats especially need this care, she says, as their digestive systems slow down with age and they’re less able to get rid of hairballs.

• Feed your cat a specially formulated hairball care food Look for foods with beet pulp, carbohydrate blends and a fruit and vegetable extract known as FOS, which promotes healthy stomach bacteria. This combination of ingredients not only helps reduce fur balls, but it also enhances your cat’s ability to absorb nutrients, provides bulk to move food through the intestines, promotes colon health and reduces waste and litter box odors.

• For repeat hackers, increase their fiber intake Increasing fiber in your cat’s diet can help. The fiber will help hold onto hair and aid it in passing through the digestive track. Dr. Cruz suggests adding bits of asparagus, small amounts of canned pumpkin or oat grass to your cat’s hairball care commercial diet.

• Offer a little oil You might also add a very small amount -- around half a teaspoon -- of petroleum jelly, olive oil or butter to your cat’s food. This too will help push through fur in the digestive system.

• Purchase a commercial hairball remedy Commercial hairball remedies often contain similar fiber and oil ingredients combined with flavor enhancers to tempt your cat. Look for them at your local pet store. Just be sure to follow the enclosed listed directions carefully.

• Keep a clean house Don’t allow your kitty access to pieces of string or thread around the house. If ingested, these can get wrapped up with swallowed fur and cause an obstruction.

The Dog Daily: Illness and Disease

Canine Heart Disease: A Silent Killer

• Lethargy
• Appetite loss
• Coughing, especially during exercise or excitement
• Gasping for breath
• Fainting or collapsing
• Gradual abdominal swelling

• Doberman Pinschers
• Great Danes
• German Shepherds
• Irish Wolfhounds
• Mastiffs

• Cavalier King Charles Spaniels
• Chihuahuas
• Miniature Poodles
• Toy Poodles
• Maltese
• Bichon Frises
• Beagles
• West Highland White Terriers

The Daily Cat: Safety

Five Reasons to Keep Your Cat Indoors

The Dog Daily: Illness and Disease

Dog Cancer Survivors

The Daily Cat: Safety

Top Cat Health Concerns in Spring

• Keep your cat indoors Staying indoors decreases kitty’s chances of catching diseased prey or being infected by fleas, ticks and mosquitoes.
  
• Visit the veterinarian “Take your cat in for a complete physical annually, or better yet, twice a year,” advises Dr. Brousse. Your veterinarian will run important tests, such as an antibody test for heartworm, which can catch infections in their early stages.
  
• Administer preventive medicine A monthly heartworm and flea preventative, which comes in the form of a chewable tablet or liquid applied topically to the back of your cat’s neck, can help maintain its health.
  
• Check for flea dirt Comb through your pet’s coat with a flea comb. Dab the brush onto a white paper towel. Dark specks could be flea dirt, or dried pieces of blood. To be sure, spray the paper towel with water. Regular dirt will remain the same color; flea dirt will dissolve to red.
  
• Check your pet daily for ticks Gently massage your pet; if you feel a lump, part the coat to examine the area. Use a tick remover -- not pinchers, which can hurt your pet -- to remove the tick. Wrap the tick in a tissue and flush it. Disinfect the tick remover. If redness persists in the affected area, call your vet.
  
• Clean your house and your pet often Vacuuming is the No. 1 weapon against fleas, and an overall clean environment reduces cat allergens. If your cat suffers from allergies or parasites, bathing may relieve irritation and prevent scratching that could lead to disease.

The Dog Daily: Illness and Disease

The Health Clues in Your Dog’s Behavior

The Daily Cat: Safety

Are Generic Drugs Safe for Cats?

• A generic drug is the same as the brand-name version. It must be bio-equivalent to the original, meaning that the active ingredients are identical. It also has to have the same strength and address the same symptoms. Additionally, generic drugs should be metabolized by the body in a similar way.

• A human drug can be approved for use in pets, providing owners with generic medication options. To market a human drug specifically for cats, a company must file a “new drug” application through the FDA’s Center for Veterinary Medicine. The ingredients and manufacturing process are tested, just as they were during the original testing of the human drug. Dosages may then change to match a cat’s needs.

The Dog Daily: Illness and Disease

New Hope for Canine Cancer

The Daily Cat: Safety

Declawing Cats: Risky Procedure or Simple Manicure?

1. Onychectomy This is the more traditional surgery, involving standard surgical equipment. Most pet hospitals are capable of performing an onychectomy. It is usually the least expensive declawing option.

2. Laser Declawing According to the HSUS, “a small, intense beam of light cuts through tissue by heating and vaporizing it, meaning there’s less bleeding and a shorter recovery time.” But the laser is simply a replacement for a steel scalpel blade, the HSUS adds.

3. Tenectomy A tenectomy doesn’t remove claws, but it deactivates them by severing the tendons that extend the toes. Since cats cannot properly maintain their claws after the procedure, owners must watch out for ingrown nails and infection.

• Buy or construct two or more scratching posts If your cat has attractive options for maintaining its claws, it should avoid other areas for scratching.

• Consider purchasing a “scratching box” These are inexpensive boxes, often made of sisal or cardboard, which you place on the ground. My cats love them.

• Use double-sided tape products Cats don’t like the sticky feel and will avoid the taped item.

The Dog Daily: Illness and Disease

Dog Arthritis Cure on the Horizon

• Warning signs Watch for decreased activity and signs of pain. These may be overt (e.g., limping, lameness, whimpering) or subtle, like a typically pleasant dog becoming snippy. Some arthritic dogs may consistently stop doing only specific activities, such as jumping on the bed or into a car.

• Diagnosis If you think your dog has arthritis, schedule a visit with your veterinarian for a comprehensive diagnosis of the problem. Knowing which joints are affected, and how severely, can greatly help determine which treatment options to consider.

• Treatment Dr. Joyce says that while arthritis is forever and can’t be undone, certain medications can alleviate pain and symptoms. Other considerations include alternative treatments like acupuncture and hydrotherapy. Surgical procedures are an option for extreme cases. Most dogs will achieve a higher quality of life with any of these treatments.

• Activity The best way to treat and prevent arthritis is to help your dog stay in good shape. Maintain its weight in the low end of the normal range and keep your pet active just enough to sustain muscle tone and strength. Start with moderate levels of activity -- a brisk walk, limited periods of playing in the park -- and work your way up. Through trial and error with careful monitoring, you can find your dog’s “sweet spot” of exercise for optimal joint health.

• Diet A healthy diet is a big part of staying in shape. Dr. Cook recommends going with name brands that commit to putting science into dog food, offer well-balanced nutrition and are tailored to specific breed sizes. He says that while supplements cannot prevent the disease, they can help alleviate pain. “Pet foods with glucosamine and chondroitin or fish oil can help manage the disease because they reduce inflammation and degradation,” he adds.

The Daily Cat: Safety

Drug Recalls Put Spotlight on Cat Anesthesia Safety

• Ask about anesthetics. Most veterinarians use a “recipe” or “cocktail” of drugs that work well in anesthesia. For example, ketamine is particularly valuable in the pain management of cats, says Dewhirst. Make sure your veterinarian is aware of any recalls, and ask about the mixture of drugs. Be wary of inexpensive clinics offering discounted cleanings and spaying and neutering, cautions Nelson. These clinics might simply inject your cat with an anesthetic rather than using a mixture of injectable and gas anesthetics, which works better.



• Pay for the blood work. Pre-anesthetic blood work is not just a way for your veterinarian to pad the bill. “The biggest risk with cats is if they have underlying medical problems. A lot of times we can’t know that just by looking at the animal,” says Dewhirst. Blood work and perhaps a urinalysis give us a lot of information about what’s going on inside a cat metabolically and with its organs. Some clinics allow you to opt out of blood work before a young cat undergoes anesthesia, but if you do, you’ll be taking a risk, warns Dewhirst.



• Ask about monitoring equipment. Your veterinarian should be able to watch your kitty’s blood pressure, heart rate, heart rhythms, oxygen levels and respiratory rate. “Things happen all the time under anesthesia, but because we monitor it so closely, we’re able to offset it,” says Nelson. Ask if your cat will have a tube down its mouth to secure the airway.



• Opt for pain management. Many practices will allow you to choose whether to pay for post-procedure pain medication. Make sure pain relief is provided as your kitty wakes up, advises Dewhirst.



• Know about post-procedure monitoring. Monitoring should continue after the procedure, until your cat is alert, says Dewhirst. Ask your veterinarian what you should expect as your cat recovers from both the procedure and the anesthesia.

The Daily Cat: Safety

Are Tick and Flea Control Products Safe?

The Dog Daily: Illness and Disease

Kennel Cough Treatment and Prevention

The Daily Cat: Illness and Disease

Silent Signs of a Sick Kitty

The Dog Daily: Illness and Disease

Signs of Illness in Your Dog

The Daily Cat: Safety

Top 5 Summer Cat Health Concerns

The Dog Daily: Diet

Why All Proteins Aren’t the Same

• Do feed your normal-weight dog a commercial food that contains high-quality protein like chicken, chicken meal or chicken byproduct meal.
• Do consult your veterinarian about the special dietary needs of your pet at all life stages.
• Don’t feed your dog table scraps. Your pet’s protein needs should be satisfied during mealtime. Any extras may lead to stomach problems and weight gain.
• Don’t give your dog protein supplements (unless your veterinarian recommends them).

The Daily Cat: Behavior Basics

Taking Your Cat on a Plane

• Discuss your pet’s trip with the airline officials and make sure you can take the cat in the cabin with you. Be aware that the airlines will charge you for this privilege, and make sure you understand what the charges will be. Cover yourself by documenting all conversations, including a list of whom you spoke with, where and when.
  
  
• Reserve tickets as early as possible for both you and your cat, because airlines limit the number of pets they allow in the cabin on any one flight.
  
  
• Get an airline-approved carrier. The carrier must fit under the seat in front of you, and many airlines also have other requirements. Double-check airline policies. Get the carrier several weeks before your trip, so your cat has time to get used to snoozing in it.
  
  
• Print your cat’s name and your name, address and phone number for both your home and destination on a piece of paper that you tape to the crate. Be sure to also tape the flight information securely to the carrier.
  
  
• Try to avoid stopovers. A nonstop flight is best.
  
  
• Visit your cat’s veterinarian a few days before you leave and ask for a current health certificate and an updated vaccination certificate for your cat. Airlines and some county, national park and border patrol officials may require proof of an up-to-date health certificate.
  
  
• Do not give your cat any food for several hours before the trip, and give him just a moderate amount of water.
  
  
• The American Veterinary Medical Association advises not to give your pet a tranquilizer before flying, because some animals react badly to the combination of high altitude and a sedative. Instead, have a long play session before the flight to help your cat sleep through it.

The Daily Cat: Blissful Cat

Exotic

The Dog Daily: Diet

Seven Indicators of Dog Food Quality

1. A shiny coat and healthy skin If your dog has a dull, dry and brittle coat with flaking skin, diet could be to blame, says Dr. Bart Iaia, DVM, who practices in Renton, Wash. Look for omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids in dog food, says Dr. Iaia. Your pet needs these essential fats. Flaky skin could be a sign of a zinc deficiency, a problem with home-cooked diets.

2. A healthy digestive system Poop is more than the stuff you, ever the responsible dog owner, scoop on a regular basis. Poop matters, say Dr. Iaia and Dr. Laird Goodman, DVM, a Beaverton, Ore., veterinarian who is on the board of directors for the Oregon Veterinary Medical Association. “You want good stools -- firm, but not dry, and not loose,” advises Dr. Goodman. Note how often your dog poops as well, says Dr. Iaia. If your dog poops more than twice a day, that’s an indication your pal’s food might not contain enough protein in forms it can use. You can be reassured if your dog’s food has “complete and balanced” on the label.

3. A resilient immune system Vitamin E and antioxidants will help your dog stave off illness, building its immune system, says Dr. Iaia. Veterinary research has found that a diet rich in antioxidants, such as beta-carotene, improves immune system responses. This is particularly important as your dog ages, since a dog’s ability to fight illnesses weakens as it grows older.

4. Strong bones and joints Calcium and vitamin D make for strong bones in your dog, just as they do for you. Dog owners who simply feed their dog meat, rather than a well-balanced commercial food, run the risk of their pet suffering soft bones, resulting in fractures, experts say. A well-balanced dog food will include all such essential nutrients.

5. Healthy teeth and gums Your dog’s teeth should be strong and white, with healthy, pink gums covering the roots. If you notice a reddening of the gums, a buildup of tartar on the teeth or bad breath, it can indicate dental problems, says Dr. Iaia. Some dry foods and dog treats are designed to slow the progress of dental disease, so look for products that specifically mention dental care or tartar-fighting properties.
   
6. Strong muscles Hourglass figures aren’t just for movie stars. Your dog should maintain good muscle tone, with an hourglass shape when viewed from above, says Dr. Saker. “Obese dogs have lost the tucked up appearance just after the ribcage, when viewed from the side,” she says. You should be able to feel your dog’s ribs but not see them. If your dog is eating a lot but looks too thin, you’re probably not feeding a high-quality dog food, says Dr. Iaia.
   
7. A healthy heart A well-balanced, complete dog food will include protein, calcium, amino acids, fatty acids, potassium and sodium to promote heart health. Your veterinarian can evaluate your dog’s heart health through regular checkups, and if needed, blood work.

The Daily Cat: Nutrition Now

Is There a Doctor in the House?

• Subcutaneous Fluids and Injections
  Subcutaneous fluids are chemical fluids that come in a sterile IV bag. They are administered by needle under the skin. Regular administration of these specialized fluids may be prescribed to help cats who have been diagnosed with kidney problems or are dehydrated from sickness or severe diarrhea. Occasionally, regular injections are prescribed, most often for cats diagnosed with diabetes.
  
  Your veterinarian will show you the right way to administer fluids and injections, but here are a few tips to remember: The skin on the back of the neck, between the shoulder blades, is the best area to place the needle, because the skin is loosest there and you’re less likely to hit a muscle with the needle. When lifting the skin, be sure not to poke the needle straight through, particularly with injections. You don’t want to waste precious insulin.
  
  With fluids, if you open the line and fluid leaks down the cat’s side, you have poked the needle through. Simply pull back a bit until the fluid is no longer leaking. Be sure to get a good drip going, even if you have to move the line around a bit. Occasionally the needle might be resting against tissue, which can cause the flow of the fluids to slow. Sometimes just pulling the needle out a little bit helps. Another tip that works with many cats is to find some good counter space and administer the fluids at feeding time. Many cats, distracted by the food, will ignore the needle.
  
  If your cat will be on fluids permanently, see if you can use the smaller size needles (0.9 mm X 25 mm). It might take a little longer to administer all the fluids, but a cat who is constantly stuck with the larger needles might become sore. ]]>Mon, 28 Feb 2011 06:05:01 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-299-2-2011.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-297-2-2011.aspx The Dog Daily: Diet Food Allergies Can Dog Canines Too By Elizabeth Wasserman for The Dog Daily The expression “eat like a dog” comes from the canines’ reputation for gulping down meals of all s....

  The Dog Daily: Diet

  Food Allergies Can Dog Canines Too

  By Elizabeth Wasserman for The Dog Daily
  
  The expression “eat like a dog” comes from the canines’ reputation for gulping down meals of all sorts in a matter of seconds. Their indiscriminate palate, however, isn’t helping their health, and veterinarians are noticing a rise in the number of dogs with food allergies.
  
  “It certainly seems like we’re seeing more dogs with food allergies, similarly to humans,” says Mona Boord, DVM, co-owner of the Animal Dermatology Clinic in San Diego.
  
  Signs of a Food Allergy
  Veterinarians caution that there are two types of issues your dog may have with foods.
  
  
  • Food intolerance The most common problem is food intolerance, or food sensitivity, which means your dog isn’t digesting a particular type of food well. Food intolerance is a non-immunologic response that can trigger such symptoms as gassiness, vomiting, diarrhea and borborygmus -- also known as stomach growling -- according to Korrin Saker, DMV, associate professor of clinical nutrition at North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine.
  • Food allergy More immediate reactions from a dog’s immune system to an offending food are food allergies. Symptoms may include intestinal distress but typically will also involve itching around the muzzle, ears, paws and sometimes around the anus. The reason itchiness occurs in these places is probably because canines have more mast cells -- which contain histamines and play a key role in the inflammatory process -- in these locations.
  
  Dog Food Allergy Culprits
  A host of ingredients go into many commercial dog foods today. Most pets are fine and thrive on those foods, but a small percentage may be allergic to certain ingredients. Figuring out which ingredient is important to treating an allergic condition.
  
  “It is often a protein source, such as chicken or beef, but it can include a carbohydrate, such as wheat, and in very rare cases corn,” Dr Saker says. 
  
  Dogs can also be allergic to other ingredients, such as preservatives or additives. “I’ve seen dogs that were allergic to peanut butter and tomatoes,” Dr. Boord says. Peanut butter is sometimes an ingredient in dog biscuits, while tomato paste may be an ingredient in dry foods.
  
  Veterinarians used to prescribe a diet based on lamb and rice for dogs with allergic reactions, but even those ingredients have become more common today and might be the source of an allergen. It’s less likely with rice but more so with lamb, experts say.
  
  Treatments for Food Allergies
  There are several treatment options for dogs taken to a veterinarian with symptoms of a food allergy:
  
  
  • Rule out other ailments The first cause of attack is to make sure that the problems aren’t being caused by something else. An intestinal parasite, for example, can cause similar symptoms. Dogs may also scratch themselves so much that they develop secondary infections. Itchiness can additionally develop as a result of allergies to environmental factors, including mold spores, pollens and cleaners, says Joseph Wakshlag, DVM, professor of clinical nutrition at Cornell University’s College of Veterinary Medicine.
  • Elimination diet Once other ailments are ruled out, veterinarians will ask you to chronicle your dog’s food history. Since common proteins like chicken and beef are frequent sources of food allergies, veterinarians will often advise that you look for foods with a “novel protein source” -- something they don’t normally eat.
  • Hypoallergenic foods An assortment of commercial foods is now made for dogs with food allergies. Veterinarians advise that you look for foods with one source of protein and one source of carbohydrates -- both of which should be “novel” for your pet. Kangaroo meat is one such “novel” protein, while potatoes or oats are examples of “novel” carbohydrates. In addition, a balance of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids can help reduce inflammation and itching.
  • Medicines Lastly, there is a series of medicines that can help your dog deal with food allergies. Dogs can be given allergy shots to help build up tolerance to a food, Dr. Wakshlag says. In addition, small doses of steroids can be used to make the itchiness more tolerable for your dog. There are also immune suppressive therapies, such as cyclosporine, that can help in treatment.
  
  If your dog shows signs of food allergies, don’t delay. The best recipe for success in treating your pet is to take it to your veterinarian to find the cause of the distress. With quality commercial foods now available that specifically address such problems, your dog will likely be eating its way back to good health in no time.
  
  Elizabeth Wasserman a Washington, D.C., area-based freelancer, has been writing about pets, among other topics, for more than 15 years. Her love of dogs, in particular, was handed down through the generations from her great-grandfather, Eric Knight, who wrote the book Lassie Come Home in the 1930s.
  
  ]]>Sun, 20 Feb 2011 06:53:51 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-297-2-2011.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-296-2-2011.aspx The Daily Cat: Nutrition Now Serving Suggestions By Elizabeth Wasserman for The Daily Cat Cats have a reputation for being notoriously finicky eaters. In reality, whether they eat or not doesn’....

  The Daily Cat: Nutrition Now

  Serving Suggestions

  By Elizabeth Wasserman for The Daily Cat
  
  Cats have a reputation for being notoriously finicky eaters. In reality, whether they eat or not doesn’t always have to do with the food you feed them. While food choice is very important, the feline drive to chow down also can be affected by such factors as where you locate the food dish, if there are other pets in your house and whether the dining experience has simply become a bore.
  
  Cat behaviorists suggest that there are several steps you can take to help ensure that your feline will eat well on a consistent basis.
  
  Location, Location, Location
  The first issue to deal with is to decide where to place the food and water dish (they should be located near each other). Pet owners often select locations that are out of the way, such as in a basement or laundry room. But too often they make the mistake of placing them near the litter box. "No one likes to eat near the bathroom," says Nancy Peterson, an issues specialist with the Humane Society of the United States and owner of three cats. Cats have a keen sense of smell, and odors emanating from a litter box could ruin almost anyone’s appetite.
  
  Keep the food and water dishes away from any noisy appliance that may turn on suddenly and startle a cat getting ready to dig in. Avoid placing the bowls along a well-worn path where children or dogs may distract or deter a cat from enjoying its meal. "Some people may have dogs that also enjoy some cat food so they will feed the cats on a counter or in the laundry room, possibly on the washing machine or dryer," Peterson says. "If that’s done at a time when you’re not using the washer or dryer, that’s fine. Otherwise it could frighten kitty."
  
  Two Bowls for Every Cat
  When you have more than one cat, it is essential to provide each with its own food and water bowl. You may even want to feed each cat in a different room. There are several practical reasons for this. "Some cats do what is called ’resource guarding,’" says Marilyn Krieger, a certified cat behavior counselor (CCBC) in Redwood City, Calif., who runs a Web site called The Cat Coach. "If there are conflicts, they may try to keep other cats from eating. They can do this by merely lying in the middle of the room so that one cat has to go past the other cat to get their food." That’s often enough to ruin the rival cat’s appetite.
  
  Distancing one cat’s food bowls from those of another feline can also help you keep tabs on which one is eating what and how much. When Peterson had four cats, two were chunky and two were thin. "I had to be the food police and place each bowl in a separate location to make sure the two chunky ones didn’t gobble up the food quickly and let the two thinner ones go without," she says. Sometimes cats are on very different diets -- one may have hairballs and one may have liver problems -- and need different foods. In addition, by putting bowls in different places, you can spot potential health-related red flags. If your cat isn’t eating, it could be a sign of ill health, such as tooth decay, a serious illness or a cold.
  
  Bowl Size Does Matter
  Cats tend to prefer low, wide bowls for food and water. "Cats don’t really like to stick their face down in something deep, where something hits their whiskers," Peterson says. Dishes also come in a variety of different materials, from plastic to metal to ceramic. Don’t use a ceramic bowl if you feed the cat on a countertop -- bowls have been known to be pushed off counters by eager eaters and shatter when they hit the floor. Consider a bowl that has a rubber bottom that helps it stay put. It’s also important to clean the bowls between feedings, whether you use dry or moist food or both. Water should be freshened daily.
  
  Viva Variety
  Exposing your cat to both dry and moist foods is a good idea, experts say. Some pet owners alternate one type of food in the morning, the other in the evening. Cat behaviorists advise feeding your pet at the same time and in the same spot each day. But cats can benefit from a little activity during feeding time. Krieger suggests you put a little dry food in a Whiffle ball or other appropriate, cat-safe bouncy toy with holes in it. Throw the ball and let the cat work for its food, similar to a hunt. "It’s for exercise. It’s a challenge," she says. "And it can keep them from getting bored."
  
  a Washington, D.C., area-based freelancer, has been writing about pets, among other topics, for more than 15 years. Her love of dogs, in particular, was handed down through the generations from her great-grandfather, Eric Knight, who wrote the book Lassie Come Home in the 1930s.
  
  ]]>Sun, 20 Feb 2011 06:53:51 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-296-2-2011.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-291-2-2011.aspx The Dog Daily: Diet Support Your Puppy’s Growth With Proper Nutrition By Darcy Lockman for The Dog Daily Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE ....

  The Dog Daily: Diet

  Support Your Puppy’s Growth With Proper Nutrition

  By Darcy Lockman for The Dog Daily
  
  When Daisy Lehman of Cleveland brought home her pug puppy last summer, it was with explicit feeding instructions from the breeder. “He told me to transition slowly from the food he’d been giving her to the puppy formula I was planning to give her,” says Lehman. The advice was sound, but Lehman was still not sure what this new puppy food should be.
  
  “Puppies have different nutritional needs than adult and senior dogs,” says Katy Nelson, DVM, a Virginia-based emergency veterinarian. “They need a food specifically formulated for young dogs. They also have size-specific needs.” Small breeds need more protein and calories. Large-breed puppies must have less of both to avoid joint and bone problems as they grow. Below, Nelson offers more advice on what you should look for when choosing a commercial puppy formula for your young best friend.
  
  Prebiotics
  Prebiotics are nondigestible ingredients (oligosaccharides) that work in the digestive system to help good bacteria thrive and multiply. This is important because good bacteria help with digestion. Without them, the body loses nutrients and ends up with gastrointestinal tract irregularity. “We see it all the time in dogs, particularly puppies, because their immune systems aren’t sturdy,” says Dr. Nelson.
  
  Prebiotics are especially important in pups because they are naturally nervous critters. Events like thunderstorms, vacuuming, or mom and dad going out of town cause quite a lot of stress. This leads to the release of cortisol, which changes bacteria in the system. Prebiotics help to balance out your puppy’s system, promoting the good bacteria over the bad.
  
  Fish Oil
  Plan on teaching your new dog old tricks? A food containing fish oil, which is naturally rich in DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) may make your task easier. Numerous studies show that when pregnant and nursing mothers take DHA, their puppies are more trainable. “It’s brain food,” says Dr. Nelson.
  
  Fish oil also helps keep a puppy’s skin and coat healthy. Additionally, it benefits the joints and GI tract by reducing inflammation. “It helps with all body systems,” she explains. “I don’t think we’ve reached the tip of the iceberg in understanding its benefits.”
  
  Antioxidants
  Antioxidants are substances thought to protect cells against the effects of disease-causing free radicals. These free radicals are produced when food is broken down and when there is environmental exposure to toxins. Free radicals likely play a role in health problems such as heart disease and cancer, among others. Puppies who take in antioxidants through food are less likely to have growth abnormalities and are generally healthier in the long run.
  
  High-quality Protein
  Protein helps puppies to maintain skin and coat health as well as lean muscle mass, but the jury is still out on what constitutes “high quality.” Puppies need a good-quality protein source, whether human grade or directly below. There’s a bad feeling about byproduct meal in the world, but as long as it’s quality-refined, it’s not actually a bad thing. Skin, liver and spleen are nutritious.
  
  Vitamins and Nutrients
  Like human infants, puppies have specific nutrient needs. Calcium and phosphorus need to be in proper balance so that bone development is healthy. The same is true for amino acids and vitamins. Look for a commercial food that has been certified “complete and balanced” by AAFCO (Association of American Feed Control Officials), the FDA of pet foods.
  
  Following her own veterinarian’s advice, similar to Dr. Nelson’s, Daisy Lehman ultimately chose for her pug’s first year a complete and balanced puppy food formulated specially for toy breeds. She’s happy to report that her flat-faced friend has grown into an energetic and healthy pooch that’s now nearing doggie adulthood.
  
  Darcy Lockman is a freelance writer whose work has appeared in The New York Times and Rolling Stone. She lives in Brooklyn with the prettiest pug dog in the five boroughs.
  
  ]]>Sun, 13 Feb 2011 12:51:55 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-291-2-2011.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-290-2-2011.aspx The Daily Cat: Health Care How to Know Your Cat’s Vet Needs By Kim Boatman for The Daily Cat It’s not always easy to know when your cat should see a veterinarian, in part because cats are master....

  The Daily Cat: Health Care

  How to Know Your Cat’s Vet Needs

  By Kim Boatman for The Daily Cat
  
  It’s not always easy to know when your cat should see a veterinarian, in part because cats are masterful at disguising illnesses and injuries. Whether you turn to books, the Internet, your personal experience or veterinarians, be sure to look out for certain health signs.
  
  Cat Health Resources
  The first step for most cat owners is noticing something’s amiss, whether your pet is eating less, urinating outside the litter box or sneezing. Although it’s natural to try to figure out what’s going on before you make that veterinary appointment, first and foremost, just call your veterinarian, says Dr. Annie Price, owner of Ormewood Animal Hospital in Atlanta.
  
  Educating yourself about cat behavior and the symptoms of illness is helpful as well. The American Association of Feline Practitioners offers good advice at CatVets.com and HealthyCatsForLife.com. Cornell University’s College of Veterinary Medicine also provides useful information about cat health at www.Vet.Cornell.edu . The university offers phone consultations three days a week, but each consultation costs $55. Plus, it may take up to 48 hours from the time you place the initial call until your consultation.
  
  Whether you read cat health books or take first aid classes for pet owners, educating yourself can help you become more attuned to health indicators that are easy to overlook. “Because cat owners are around their cats daily, subtle changes or gradual changes can be missed,” says Dr. Joanne  Gaines, owner of Ridgeview Animal Hospital in Omaha, Neb. “Increases in drinking and urination and weight loss are the most common gradual changes we see, and those changes can be caused by thyroid disease, kidney or liver disease or diabetes, most commonly.”
  
  It’s best to let your veterinarian help you determine when a visit is in order, but Price and Gaines offer these helpful guides:
  
  
  • Keep a watchful eye. If your cat expels an occasional hairball, it’s probably not significant, says Price. “One hairball, a little regurgitation of food -- it happens,” she says. A few sneezes here and there may be something to monitor, but should not require a veterinary visit. Cats occasionally will have a runny eye that should resolve itself. If your cat snoozes more after an active day, it is probably just tired. Your cat might not eat as enthusiastically once in a while, but note if it’s becoming a pattern of behavior.
  • Schedule an appointment. Continued vomiting or diarrhea, poor grooming habits, a regular eye discharge or a squinting eye, increased water intake, increased urination, a runny nose and regular sneezing are among the indicators that your cat should see a veterinarian, say Gaines and Price. Sick cats will often sleep or hide more, notes Price. She particularly cautions against mistaking urinating outside the litter box as spiteful behavior. “A lot of people assume it’s behavioral or revenge, but that can mean a simple urinary tract infection, or your cat could be developing kidney problems or metabolic problems,” says Price.
  If your cat becomes more vocal or begins grooming less, schedule an exam. “Anything subtle and different is something to take note of,” says Price. A change in personality, such as aggressive behavior, warrants a veterinary appointment.
  
  
  • Get your cat to the veterinarian immediately. “Emergency situations include straining to urinate, trouble breathing, bleeding, severe lethargy and most things relating to the eyes,” says Gaines. If you feel your cat’s health situation is urgent, don’t hesitate. Rapid breathing should be checked immediately as well, advises Price. “If your cat appears to be suffering a seizure, get it to the veterinarian right away,” she cautions.
  Scheduling regular veterinary visits is the safest way to monitor your cat’s health. “Physical exams on a regular basis are so important. I always recommend once a year. There’s so much we can see just in a physical, tip of the nose to the tip of the tail,” says Price.
  
  Kim Boatman is a journalist based in Northern California whose work has appeared in such publications as the Miami Herald, Detroit Free Press and San Jose Mercury News. She is a lifetime lover of animals and shares her home with three cats.
  
  ]]>Sun, 13 Feb 2011 12:51:55 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-290-2-2011.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-288-2-2011.aspx The Dog Daily: Diet Improve Your Dog’s Appearance With Good Nutrition By Darcy Lockman for The Dog Daily When Dr. Katy Nelson, DVM, was in veterinary school in Louisiana, she saw her share of do....

  The Dog Daily: Diet

  Improve Your Dog’s Appearance With Good Nutrition

  By Darcy Lockman for The Dog Daily
  
  When Dr. Katy Nelson, DVM, was in veterinary school in Louisiana, she saw her share of dogs with bad eating habits. “Some of the little farm dogs down there are scavengers without real homes. Their coats are dry and prickly to the touch,” she recalls.
  
  Her experience in treating these roaming dogs taught Dr. Nelson that a balanced diet and proper nutrition can lead to a much prettier, healthier dog. Below, Dr. Nelson, now an emergency veterinarian in Virginia, weighs in on the specific components of her Beautiful Dog diet.  
  
  Fatty Acids
  The fatty acids in fish oil -- aka omega-3s -- have gotten a lot of attention lately for the important role they play in brain health. Together, omega-6s and omega-3s can help make the coat shiny and control inflammatory skin conditions that lead a dog to scratch and lick itself excessively.
  
  “You can tell a lot about a person’s health by looking at hair and skin, and dogs are no different,” says Dr. Nelson. “Skin and coat health are windows into what’s going on inside a dog. If they’re losing hair or have clogged pores, it may be a clue that something is lacking in their diet.”
  
  High-quality Proteins
  Protein helps to maintain muscle mass, which shows up in a dog’s posture. Dogs require the animal protein found in meats and meat byproducts -- including blood, internal organs and bones, which is what dogs in the wild consumed. To evaluate whether a food has a high-quality protein source, consult your veterinarian or breeder.
  
  “The first thing listed on the ingredient label of a dog’s food should be an animal protein,” says Dr. Nelson. The label should specify which animal the protein comes from, such as chicken or beef; the protein descriptor can be followed by the words “meal” or “byproduct.”
  
  Moderately Fermentable Fiber
  A protein is only as good as its digestibility. A dog requires a fiber that helps it to digest, and thereby absorb, the nutrients in its food. The fiber source also needs to help the dog remove waste from its intestines. Dr. Nelson recommends a food containing beet pulp -- the substance that remains after sugar beets are pressed -- because it doesn’t produce much gas and is moderately digestible, thus encouraging nutrient absorption.
  
  Carbohydrates and the Glycemic Index
  Carbohydrates provide energy to your furry friend, aid in digestion and promote the absorption of nutrients. With its high glycemic index, rice provides a quick glucose and insulin spike that may be beneficial to working dogs, but a secondary carb source, which extends the energy curve, is useful for the run-of-the-mill house dog.
  
  “As we all know from eating Chinese food and being hungry again two hours later, white rice causes a quick energy boost followed by a crash,” says Dr. Nelson. She recommends a food containing not only rice but also corn, barley or sorghum. These ingredients contain more moderate glycemic values.
  
  Vitamins and Minerals
  Of course, mammals do not live on protein, fiber and carbohydrates alone; they also require vitamins and minerals to look and feel their best. Vitamin A is an antioxidant that squashes free radicals and gives your dog a healthy glow. Vitamin E works similarly while also promoting strength of the nail and hair cuticle. Copper further aids in the absorption of nutrients that are crucial to your pet’s appearance and overall health.
  
  Dr. Nelson suggests checking the ingredients label on dog food bags to ensure they contain all of the above. You can even visually detect if your dog is getting adequate nutrition. “When you see a dog on high-quality food, you recognize it immediately,” she says. “Balanced nutrition definitely shows up outwardly.” Darcy Lockman is a freelance writer whose work has appeared in The New York Times and Rolling Stone. She lives in Brooklyn with the prettiest pug dog in the five boroughs.
  
  ]]>Fri, 04 Feb 2011 01:01:31 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-288-2-2011.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-287-2-2011.aspx The Daily Cat: Nutrition Now Glucosamine and Your Arthritic Cat By Beth Adelman for The Daily Cat Osteoarthrisits is a common problem in older cats, who suffer the same swelling, stiffness and p....

  The Daily Cat: Nutrition Now

  Glucosamine and Your Arthritic Cat

  By Beth Adelman for The Daily Cat
  
  Osteoarthrisits is a common problem in older cats, who suffer the same swelling, stiffness and pain in the joints as people do. While conventional treatments such as corticosteriods and anti-inflammatories (such as aspirin) can treat the inflammation and pain, the ideal treatment for arthritis would slow down the progression of the disease and possibly even help to heal the joint.
  
  Some clinical studies have found that glucosamine, commonly sold as a supplement for both people and animals, may be able to do just that. The end of each bone, at the joint, is covered with articular cartilage, which cushions the joint as a cat (or a person) moves. In an arthritic joint, the cells that make up this cartilage become degraded, causing damage to the cartilage and inflammation. The joint’s shock absorber beings to wear away.
  
  But glucosamine is an aminosugar that is incorporated into the articular cartilage of the joint, helping it to repair itself. Glucosamine is safe to use and does not cause side-effects. Its use among veterinarians (and orthopedists) is rapidly becoming widespread. It is the supplement most commonly used to treat arthritis.
  
  If you are considering glucosamine for your cat’s arthritis, there are some important points to keep in mind:
  
  • Glucosamine works by acting on living cartilage cells, so it is most effective when used early in the course of arthritis, before the joint damage is extensive. In fact, glucosamine is most effective when it is given before there are any clinical signs of arthritis. Routine screening of older cats for arthritis that has not yet begun to cause pain or limping can be very effective.
    
    
  • Glucosamine is not a cure for arthritis, but a treatment. This means it must be given every day for the life of the cat. However, the dosage often can be reduced over time as more healthy cartilage is produced.
    
    
  • Glucosamine is not a drug, and its natural action takes time. It may be four to eight weeks before you see any improvement. If you don’t see improvement after eight weeks, it’s a good idea to have your cat re-evaluated; arthritis may not be the problem.
    
    
  • Nutritional supplements are not well-regulated in the United States, which means the purity, potency and even the ingredients in glucosamine supplements can vary dramatically among brands. As a rule, the less expensive supplements are either not as pure or may contain lower doses of the active ingredients. Buy only top-quality supplements from reputable manufacturers, because products of lesser purity are also less effective. Ask your veterinarian for a recommendation.
    
    
  • There are many natural glucosamine products that are formulated specifically for cats and dogs and that contain the recommended dosage of glucosamine and other joint-enhancing supplements. Some are formulated as treats that will be much easier to give your cat than a pill.
  ]]>Fri, 04 Feb 2011 01:01:31 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-287-2-2011.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-284-1-2011.aspx The Dog Daily: Diet Vitamins and Minerals Your Dog Needs By Kim Boatman for The Dog Daily Is improving your health on your list of new year’s resolutions? This year, don’t forget to include your....

  The Dog Daily: Diet

  Vitamins and Minerals Your Dog Needs

  By Kim Boatman for The Dog Daily
  
  Is improving your health on your list of new year’s resolutions? This year, don’t forget to include your dog on that list as well. But first, find out which vitamins and minerals your canine needs and where to find them.
  
  A well-balanced, high-quality dog food will help your dog meet all its nutritional needs. Check the nutritional label of your dog’s food for necessary vitamins and minerals, advises Dr. Katy Nelson, a veterinarian. While these can be posted as separate ingredients, you also might simply find sources listed. For instance, animal by-products are a good source of many vitamins and minerals, says veterinarian Dr. Bernadine Cruz.
  
  Essential Vitamins and Minerals for Dogs
  
  
  • Vitamins A and E Vitamin A can play a role in weight loss, helping your dog burn fat more efficiently, says Nelson. Vitamins A and E serve as important antioxidants, staving off the aging process and fighting disease. These vitamins also contribute to your dog’s eye and skin health. Liver is a good source of vitamin A, and eggs are a source of both vitamins A and E.
  • Vitamin B-12 This vitamin aids in cell growth and development.
  • Calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D These ingredients help strengthen your dog’s bones and teeth. Animal by-products are good sources, says Nelson. Bone meal includes these building blocks.
  • Iron This mineral is essential for healthy blood, helping transport oxygen throughout your pup’s body. High-quality meat and meat by-products are a source, recommends Nelson.
  • Potassium This mineral supports heart health. Carbohydrates are good sources of potassium, say the experts.
  • Vitamin C Dogs and humans benefit from vitamin C in the same way: It can boost the immune system, promote healing and fight illness.
  To ensure you’re providing your pet with these necessary vitamins and minerals, experts suggest following these do’s and don’ts:
  
  
  
  
  • Don’t look for deals “The cheapest food off the shelf may contain some of the vitamins and minerals your dog needs but not enough for it to live well,” says Nelson. On the other hand, reputable companies invest in nutritional research, so you’ll be reassured that your dog’s vitamin and mineral requirements are being met.
  • Do consult your veterinarian If you have questions about your pal’s dietary needs or the nutritional makeup of a food, ask your veterinarian or veterinary technician; the pet store salesperson may have no training.
  • Do your research Stand before a shelf of dog food, and it’s easy to become overwhelmed by the selection, says Nelson. “Research your dog’s food before you go to the store and get swamped by all the packaging,” she says.
  • Don’t feed your dog a home-cooked or raw diet It’s a mistake to think your dog should eat raw foods because that’s what your pet’s ancestors ate in the wild. Dog foods are designed to meet your dog’s specific dietary needs for its life stage and lifestyle. Raw and home-cooked diets are unlikely to meet your dog’s needs, and you run the risk of making your family ill, warns Cruz. Salmonella can lurk in raw or undercooked foods. Dogs have hardier intestinal tracts and can often digest and pass the bacteria unharmed, but that puts humans at risk when we scoop their poop, says Cruz.
  • Don’t give your dog vitamin supplements If your dog is eating a well-balanced dog food, a supplement isn’t necessary. “Oftentimes, you can overdo it,” says Cruz. For example, adding additional calcium could cause irreversible kidney damage.
  
  
  “We know that dogs are living much longer than in the past because of the nutritional research done by pet food companies,” says Cruz. “Now, if we could only eat as well as our pets are eating.”
  
  Kim Boatman is a journalist based in Northern California whose work has appeared in such publications as the Miami Herald, Detroit Free Press and San Jose Mercury News. She is a lifetime lover of animals.
  
  ]]>Fri, 28 Jan 2011 07:00:10 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-284-1-2011.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-283-1-2011.aspx The Daily Cat: Whole Health Tales of the Teeth By Beth Adelman for The Daily Cat Cats, the consummate carnivores, have an impressive arsenal of teeth that they use to catch, hold, and kill prey.....

  The Daily Cat: Whole Health

  Tales of the Teeth

  By Beth Adelman for The Daily Cat
  
  Cats, the consummate carnivores, have an impressive arsenal of teeth that they use to catch, hold, and kill prey. The cat’s teeth can also tear meat like serrated blades, and their barbed tongue scrapes it from the bones of the cat’s prey. Cats who don’t hunt still use their teeth to pick up and hold the food we give them, and then to slice it down for swallowing.
  
  The adult cat has 30 teeth total: 16 on top (six incisors, two canines, six premolars and two molars) and 14 on the bottom (two fewer premolars). You can barely see the molars, though, because those are vegetable-mashing teeth and carnivore cats don’t really need them.
  
  It’s not unusual to see adult cats with fewer teeth than normal. Some cats are just born that way, and this has no effect on their health.
  
  Kittens are usually born without teeth, but 26 needle-sharp milk teeth start appearing at the about the same time the eyes open -- in seven to 10 days. The incisors come first, then the canines (the fangs!), then the premolars, which are all in by about six weeks of age.
  
  The baby teeth are replaced by permanent teeth over the first three to seven months of life. Watch your kitten carefully to make sure her adult teeth are coming in and her baby teeth are coming out. If you see what appears to be a double set of teeth, the baby tooth should be puled by a veterinarian. As a cat ages, the teeth will yellow and wear down. That’s normal. But cats can also have dental problems. If your cat ate a totally natural diet of prey animals, her teeth would be cleaned by scraping over the bones of their prey. Since domestic cats don’t live on mice, though, their teeth do decay. Cats get plaque and gingivitis, just like we do. That’s why they need to go to the dentist for regular check-ups.
  
  Cats can also get cavities. Unfortunately, a cat with a cavity has to have her tooth pulled. While we have wide, flat teeth that give plenty of surface area for drilling, cats have sharp, narrow teeth that tend to fracture under a dentist’s drill. Fortunately, though, cavities aren’t that common among felines. ]]>Fri, 28 Jan 2011 07:00:10 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-283-1-2011.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-278-1-2011.aspx The Dog Daily: Health Care Yawning Doesn’t Always Mean Your Dog Is Tired By Liz Palika for The Dog Daily Yawning is something many animals do, from lizards and snakes to almost all of the primat....

  The Dog Daily: Health Care

  Yawning Doesn’t Always Mean Your Dog Is Tired

  By Liz Palika for The Dog Daily
  
  Yawning is something many animals do, from lizards and snakes to almost all of the primates, including people. Often yawning signifies sleepiness or boredom, but many experts believe yawning is also a social behavior. Psychologist Robert Provine of the University of Maryland in Baltimore County notes that human yawning is not just a gaping mouth but a gaping mouth combined with a stretched jaw, a tilted head and squinting eyes. And a true yawn can be contagious; one person yawns and those watching all soon begin to yawn. Provine suggests this contagious yawning could be a subconscious behavior that ties people together -- a signal of empathy.
  
  Several canine behavior experts believe yawning plays a similar role in canine social behavior. Recently I saw dogs playing at a local dog park use yawning behavior to slow down a really rough play session. Several large dogs were running around the dog park, with a few small terriers in pursuit. When the terriers caught up with the big dogs, they began nipping at legs, jumping at faces, and otherwise showing some really rough play. In the middle of the rough play, two of the larger dogs sat down, scratched, and yawned. After these two dogs yawned, a third and fourth yawned, and the activity level of the play slowed significantly. A potential dog fight was averted -- all because a few of the dogs scratched and yawned!
  
  Recently I was teaching Riker, my four-year-old Australian Shepherd, a new scenting exercise in which he had to find a scented article hid among other articles with different scents. (This is similar to the AKC scent discrimination exercise in Utility-level obedience.) I thought the training was progressing well, but then I noticed Riker was yawning at me. He would make eye contact, hold it for a second, look away and then yawn. He was trying to tell me to ease up a bit. We did something else (a few easy retrieves) so I could stop his training session with praise for him, and then took a break from our training for a few minutes. I let him run, relieve himself, I rubbed his tummy, and then we went back to training. With that break, he was back on course and our training session ended well.
  
  Although some experts have suggested that dog owners can use yawning to change their dog’s behavior (for example, to calm a tense situation), I have not seen that to be very effective. For a human yawn to change canine behavior would require the dog to be willing to accept that kind of guidance -- and if the dog were willing -- other training tools or techniques would work just as well.
  
  However, knowing that your dog may yawn to calm you or to relieve stress you may be putting on the dog (especially in training situations) can be very useful. Just recognize that a yawn may signal more than sleepiness! Liz Palika
  
  ]]>Fri, 21 Jan 2011 05:03:44 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-278-1-2011.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-277-1-2011.aspx The Daily Cat: Illness and Disease Should You Vaccinate Your Cat Against Feline Calicivirus? By Darcy Lockman for The Daily Cat One day, Jeanne Prins’ six-month old kitten Paris was playing acti....

  The Daily Cat: Illness and Disease

  Should You Vaccinate Your Cat Against Feline Calicivirus?

  By Darcy Lockman for The Daily Cat
  
  One day, Jeanne Prins’ six-month old kitten Paris was playing actively; the next she was like a limp rag. "I took her to the veterinarian," recounts Prins. "We assumed it was an abscess. He gave her a shot and said to bring her back on Monday if she wasn’t better. I took her home and she couldn’t stand up. On Sunday morning, my 20-year-old cat Sanibel couldn’t walk. I assumed it was coincidental. But then on Monday, my one-year-old cat, Higgins, also couldn’t walk. My 10-year-old cat, Kitten, stopped eating and I took him in, too. Then A.J. couldn’t climb the stairs. The virus hit us like a tornado."
  
  Prins, a veterinary supplies salesperson from Reisterstown, Md., discovered last November that she ultimately lost three cats to what was confirmed, upon autopsy, to have been a virulent systemic strain of the feline calicivirus. Two of her cats, Paris and Higgins, survived the illness, while the five others never showed a single symptom. Prins is now an active advocate in her community for vaccinating against the illness.
  
  Tough to Target
  The sickness is called virulent systemic feline calicivirus (VS-FCV). Thanks to the efforts of Prins and other concerned pet owners and researchers, a new vaccine is available against VS-FCV, a potentially fatal mutation of the feline equivalent of the common cold. Similar to preventing human flues and viruses, however, targeting this illness can prove difficult.  
  
  It is not unusual for your feline to feel under the weather every so often. Upper respiratory infections, oral ulceration, limping and lethargy occur fairly frequently in cats, and may be symptoms of the very common feline calicivirus (FCV). According to the Center for Companion Animal Health at the University of California’s Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, up to eight percent of house cats and 25 percent of cats from multiple cat environments like shelters are calicivirus carriers at any given time. The virus is most often fairly harmless. A few days of rest and your cat should be back to its old self.
  
  More Dangerous Forms of Calicivirus
  Some strains of the constantly mutating calicivirus cause the symptoms mentioned above. As in the case of Jeanne Prins and her kitten, certain types of the virus cause no symptoms at all, while other more infrequently occurring strains become highly virulent and dangerous. The virulent and non-virulent forms of calicivirus can both begin with the same symptoms -- including the aforementioned oral ulceration, limping and fever. However, unlike the more common strains of FCV, VS-FCV can progress in some cats to more severe problems, including limb swelling, hair loss, ulceration and oozing of the skin, and even death. Outbreaks of VS-FCV in any cat community are very rare. More commonly, cats experience this severity of symptoms due to common FCV combined with panleukopenia or another respiratory issue.
  
  Documenting numbers of cases has proven difficult, since over 65 feline caliciviruses exist worldwide. Recently outbreaks of the deadly version of the virus, however, have been reported in Northern California and New England. One strain appears to be particularly fatal to cats housed in animal shelters.
  
  An insidious feature of FCV, including the virulent forms, is that it spreads easily. Cats may shed the virus through their saliva, so a single sneeze could blast other felines with it. Even asymptomatic cats could harbor the virus and then pass it on to others. If your cat is ever diagnosed with any type of calicivirus, be sure to quarantine it from other animals. Other species, like raccoons, can get it too.
  
  To Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate?
  As with any vaccine, however, there are pros and cons when it comes to administering it to your cat. The major con arises largely from the fact that this vaccine is a "killed vaccine," which means that additional chemicals are needed to stimulate the vaccine’s immune response. There is some theoretical but to date unproven concern that these chemicals might predispose cats to injection site tumors. The major pro, of course, is that the vaccine may protect your cat against a potentially life-threatening disease.
  
  Veterinarian Kate Hurley, an assistant clinical professor at California’s UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, studies all forms of the calicivirus. She offers the following thoughts:
  
  
  • VS-FCV is a rare mutation of feline calicivirus that is a serious threat when it emerges. However, it is uncommon. VS-FCV emerges and resolves spontaneously. This is because the calicivirus is an unstable virus, which means it mutates every time it is passed from one cat to the next. So every calicivirus that mutates into a virulent calicivirus will, as it is passed on to the next cat, ultimately once again become a non-virulent calicivirus.
  • Because the virus is always mutating, there is no single virulent strain to vaccinate against. While the new vaccine may provide broader protection against calicivirus in general, it is not certain that it will protect against another virulent strain.
  The Bottom Line
  "If I were already getting my cat vaccinated with a killed vaccine, I would add the new strain. There might be benefits, so why not?" says Dr. Hurley. "But I wouldn’t switch from a vaccine I was already happy with, [such as] a nasal spray or modified live vaccine, to get the benefit of the protection which there may or may not be. I would not panic in the face of a reported outbreak and rush to get my cat vaccinated. The place your cat is most likely to pick up the virus is at the vet. Wait for the crisis to pass, and have your cat vaccinated in its usual series, adding the new vaccine strain if you choose."
  
  Protecting your cat’s health always involves a series of choices. The same is true when dealing with concern about virulent systemic feline calicivirus. Consult with your own veterinarian about the issue to decide what could be best for your cat.
  
  Darcy Lockman is a Brooklyn, N.Y.-based freelance writer whose work has appeared in publications such as the New York Times and Rolling Stone.
  
  ]]>Fri, 21 Jan 2011 05:03:44 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-277-1-2011.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-276-1-2011.aspx The Dog Daily: Health Care Dog Blood Banks Save Canine Lives By Tracy Libby for The Dog Daily Checkers and his owner, veterinary technician Bonnie Heitz, acted as heroes, even though their names....

  The Dog Daily: Health Care

  Dog Blood Banks Save Canine Lives

  By Tracy Libby for The Dog Daily
  
  Checkers and his owner, veterinary technician Bonnie Heitz, acted as heroes, even though their names never made the headlines. While this pair may not be familiar to you, Checkers, the Australian Shepherd from Concord, Calif. donated blood to save the lives of countless dogs that required blood transfusions to treat trauma, cancer, and other life-threatening conditions. These dogs were given a second chance because of Checkers, who passed away at a ripe old age in 1990. Both he and his owner helped inspire additional canine blood donations, which have since led to organized dog blood banks nationwide.
  
  Why Dog Blood Banks Are on the Rise
  Much progress has been made in the canine blood banking industry since Checkers’ lifetime. Most donor dogs in the early 1980s, like Checkers, belonged to veterinarians or their staff. “Checkers was before anyone thought of blood banks for dogs,” says Heitz. In fact, the practice of banking canine blood is a relatively new concept, with most facilities opening within the last 15 to 20 years. One reason is that advances in veterinary medical technology have fueled the need for blood. Animals are benefiting from many of the advanced tests and procedures developed initially for human medicine, and blood transfusions are no exception. Also, more owners are treating their dogs as part of the family and are willing to spend money on emergency and internal medicine, orthopedic and soft tissue surgery and oncology, all of which can require life-saving blood transfusions.
  
  Donating Dog Blood: The Requirements
  Qualifying as a donor is relatively simple. While purebreds and mixed breeds can be donors, dogs must meet certain age and weight requirements, which vary from program to program. For example, one program requires that dogs must be between one and six years of age and weigh at least 55 pounds. Another requires donors to be between one and eight years old, with a weight of at least 50 pounds. Yet another requires dogs to be aged between nine months and seven-and-a-half years old and weigh at least 35 pounds.
  
  In addition, dogs must pass a physical examination and meet additional requirements. These may include that the dog is:
  
  
  • healthy, obedient and even tempered, which helps to ensure a positive experience, and that each animal is a willing participant. Stressed or untrained dogs are more difficult to handle and are less likely to cooperate.
  • up-to-date with its vaccinations to make sure only healthy dogs enter blood donor programs. You can obtain copies of your dog’s vaccination records from your veterinarian.
  • free of heartworm, which helps to secure the safety, health and well-being of donor dogs. Testing is performed by blood bank facilities. Heartworm positive dogs require medical treatment and are therefore not donor eligible.
  • free of blood- or tick-borne diseases that can be spread from one dog to another through blood transfusions. Tests are performed by blood bank facilities to help guard against future problems.
  • taking no medications other than a possible heartworm and flea or tick preventative. A dog that is on medication generally has an illness attached to it, which renders it unacceptable as a donor. Some medications can be transfused in the blood.
  • a dog that’s never received a blood transfusion. It is possible that a previous transfusion may not have been from a blood-matched donor dog. A recipient of unmatched donor blood could have been sensitized to some incompatible blood cell component that might result in an adverse reaction should this dog’s blood be transfused into a dog with unknown blood type history.
  Screening and Typing Canine Blood
  If dogs meet the pre-qualifications, their blood is typed and screened for pathogens, such as Lyme disease, ehrlichia and leptospirosis. The blood is typed since dogs, like humans, have different blood types. A complete blood count and a chemistry screen then check the red and white cells, platelets, electrolytes levels and general organ function. Screening potential donors is expensive --roughly $220 per dog, according to a 2006 study published in the Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science. Donna Oakley, director of the Penn Animal Blood Bank at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, says, “You can’t put a price on the blood we collect. It helps us practice better medicine, and it helps save the lives of pets.”
  
  How Canine Blood Helps Other Dogs
  Dogs that pass with flying colors are eligible to become donors. While dogs can safely donate monthly, most programs collect every seven to 12 weeks, with dogs between 35 and 50 pounds donating one-half pint and dogs over 50 pounds donating one pint. Once collected, the blood is processed into components including packed red blood cells, which have a shelf life of about 30 days, and fresh frozen plasma, which can be stored for one year without losing its clotting factors. As a result, one unit of blood can theoretically treat three, four or more dogs depending on the recipient’s size and status, according to Oakley. “The therapeutic impact is much quicker when you use only the components -- that part of the blood that a dog needs.”
  
  Laws Protect California Donors
  California is the only state where commercial veterinary blood banks are required to be licensed and inspected yearly by the Department of Food and Agriculture. As a result, these facilities are required to house donor dogs on-site. Garden Grove’s Hemopet, a nonprofit facility that ships blood products nationwide as well as to Canada and Hong Kong, houses racing greyhounds rescued from Texas, Oklahoma and Arizona. Hemopet’s dogs, according to Founder and President W. Jean Dodds, DVM, receive 24-hour-a-day, on-site veterinary care and maintenance. Dogs remain in the program for approximately 12 to 18 months before being adopted by loving people within the region. “These dogs have given blood to save the lives of other animals,” says Dodds. “They have a special need to be adopted, and we have an ethical obligation to see that they are well cared for.” California facilities that collect and store blood for internal use, such as the University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, are exempt from housing on-site donor dogs.
  
  The Incentive Program
  In addition to plenty of free cookies, kisses and tummy rubs, some programs offer dog contributors free physical examinations, comprehensive health care screening, and blood tests to guard against infectious diseases as long as a dog remains a donor. Others provide free vaccinations and canine goody bags filled with toys, treats and food. Some facilities, such as the Eastern Veterinary Blood Bank in Severna Park, Md., which ships 25,000 units a year, guarantee free blood for all donors. “For every unit of blood a dog donates,” says Theresa Connelly, Eastern Veterinary Blood Bank events coordinator, “that dog is guaranteed one unit of blood for free if it ever needs blood.” If the dog requires a transfusion any time throughout its life, EVBB will ship blood products, which normally cost upwards of $300, for free.
  
  Canine Owners and Donors Are Indispensable
  While closed colony or hospital-based donor programs were once the norm, many universities and blood bank organizations nationwide are turning to community-based volunteer donor programs using community blood drives that allow facilities to develop a large, reliable source of blood products without maintaining a colony of on-site dogs. “We are looking for people who care about people and animals. People who take good care of their pets and whose pets are in the best of health,” says Donna Oakley. The University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, where Oakley works, started the first volunteer donor program in 1985. The program currently has about 1500 active donors and the nation’s only canine blood mobile.  
  
  Canine Donors Are True Volunteers
  Commitment requirements may vary, with some programs requiring that dogs donate blood as little as three times a year. Others require a minimum of six times a year, while still others need a minimum three-year commitment, during which your dog would donate blood three or four times a year. Dogs must be calm enough to lie on their side for about 10 minutes, which is approximately how long a collection takes. “This is truly a volunteer program from the owner to the dog,” says Oakley. “The dog decides whether or not to donate blood. We use no chemical or physical restraints. If a dog struggles, we don’t draw blood.” Despite the possible discomfort, with a bit of coaxing from you, your dog can be a Checkers-inspired hero and help save many canine lives.
  
  Tracy Libby has authored six books about dogs, including Building Blocks for Performance (Alpine 2002). She exhibits Australian shepherds in obedience and conformation and also shares her home with six cats.
  
  ]]>Sun, 16 Jan 2011 04:08:34 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-276-1-2011.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-275-1-2011.aspx The Daily Cat: Nutrition Now How We Got Hooked on Showing Cats By Beth Adelman for The Daily Cat Years ago, my introduction to the world of pedigreed cats came from two very knowledgeable, very ....

  The Daily Cat: Nutrition Now

  How We Got Hooked on Showing Cats

  By Beth Adelman for The Daily Cat
  
  Years ago, my introduction to the world of pedigreed cats came from two very knowledgeable, very experienced breeders: Carolyn Vella and John McGonagle. Carolyn and John have been breeding and showing Japanese Bobtails for 14 years, and have bred 14 Grand Champions. They run an ACFA Cattery of Distinction, have been judging cats for seven years, and are licensed ACFA Specialty Judges. They are also award-winning authors; their books include Breeding Pedigreed Cats. ]]>Sun, 16 Jan 2011 04:08:34 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-275-1-2011.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-261-11-2010.aspx The Dog Daily: Nutritious Dish Veterinarians Inspire New Dog Foods By Jennifer Viegas for The Dog Daily At least 7.3 million dogs in the United States are 11 years of age or older, acco....
  
  
  
  

  The Dog Daily: Nutritious Dish

  Veterinarians Inspire New Dog Foods

  By Jennifer Viegas for The Dog Daily
  
  
  At least 7.3 million dogs in the United States are 11 years of age or older, according to researchers at University of California, Davis. Since North American and European dogs have an average life span of 12.8 years, the numbers suggest that more canines than ever are reaching their senior years, likely pushing the life span limits ever upward. That’s a testament to how well we are caring for our pets, including the quality of the food we offer them each day. Health concerns are paramount in making such food choices. Just as these concerns now affect what we buy for ourselves, they influence what we purchase for our dogs, especially as they grow older, and health issues start to surface.
  
  Therapeutic dog food formulas have been around, through veterinarians, for over 50 years, but now these foods are available “over the counter” at your local pet food stores, as well as from your veterinarian. Research on canine diseases, as well as nutritional innovations, have all improved over the decades and have made these types of condition-related formulas more effective and better than ever. Here, Dayton, Ohio-based veterinarian Amy Dicke, DVM, who has been a member of teams consisting of nutritionists, researchers and veterinarians like herself that formulate new dog food products, explains what’s available now and how these new foods might benefit your dog.
  
  Foods that Target Allergy, Skin and Coat Conditions
  Does your dog scratch a lot, even when fleas and other parasites are under control? If so, your pet could suffer from food- or environment-related allergies similar to those that plague many people. If your veterinarian believes your dog may suffer from allergies or have other problems affecting its skin and coat, new therapeutic diets can help eliminate potential food allergens and provide itch relief.
  
  Dr. Dicke explains, “These diets may contain a balance of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids that are essential for normal skin structure and function. Research shows that manipulating the balance of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids can change inflammatory pathways and thereby reduce inflammation.” She also says that some of the new allergy diets contain hydrolyzed protein, which is protein broken down into small components that are not recognized as allergens in food-sensitive dogs.
  
  Foods for Joint Health
  Arthritis is a huge issue for dog lovers with aging pooches. This debilitating condition can change the structure and function of joint cartilage -- connective tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together in a joint. It can result in reduced mobility and a lot of unbearable aches and pains.
  
  New therapeutic dog foods formulated for joint health target these problems in a one-two-three punch, according to Dr. Dicke. The first pow to arthritis comes from glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, two known building blocks for cartilage. The second is the optimal omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratio mentioned earlier. For joint issues, it “helps to manage inflammation,” she says. Finally, a compound known as L-carnitine optimizes your dog’s overall body condition and thereby minimizes stress on its joints.
  
  Kidney Care Chow
  Kidney disorders, also known as renal problems, are quite common in both cats and dogs, particularly as our pets grow older. If your dog has been diagnosed with chronic renal disease, it means that it has an irreversible loss of kidney function. While this may sound abysmal and hopeless, you can take heart now, since nutrition plays an important role in managing the condition.
  
  “Appropriate nutritional support can improve the clinical signs through a special blend of fibers that assist the kidneys in removal of waste products from the body,” says Dr. Dicke. “Nutrition can also slow the progression of the disease through lowered phosphorous levels and an adjusted omega fatty acid ratio to reduce inflammation and hypertension.”
  
  Foods for Good Intestinal Function
  If your dog has been diagnosed with a gastrointestinal problem, such as irritable bowel syndrome, specialized nutritional support can come to its rescue. In all mammals, including humans, intestinal problems may involve an imbalance of bacteria within the intestines. When you eat yogurt, for example, recent studies suggest that its cultures can support your body’s bacterial balance, leading to better digestion.
  
  Yogurt isn’t optimal for dogs, but new intestinal health dog foods are perfect for our canine buddies with known gastrointestinal problems. Dr. Dicke says they “can restore intestinal bacteria back to a normal balance, repair the intestinal lining, decrease inflammation and reduce the amount of unabsorbed nutrients.”
  
  Weight Management Foods
  According to Lisa Peterson of the American Kennel Club Humane Fund, up to 40 percent of all American dogs, numbering around 17 million, are hauling around excess weight that could predispose them to all sorts of health problems -- ranging from heart disorders to breathing difficulties. Similar to how we view our own bodies, many of us are in fat dog denial, Peterson believes. She says it’s difficult for owners “to see the reality that their own pet may be overweight or obese instead of just chubby or fluffy.”
  
  Once your veterinarian has determined that your dog is overweight, special weight loss formula dog foods can help your furry friend to lose the excess pounds while still getting the right amount of daily nutrients, which minimize lean muscle loss. “Healthy weight is best achieved with low-fat, low-calorie, low-fiber diets that include special ingredients such as L-carnitine (the fat burner), increased levels of vitamin A to fight against weight retention, and a blend of carbohydrates that promote a healthy blood sugar level and satiety.”
  
  Therapeutic Dog Food Dos and Don’ts
  
  
  • Do make sure your veterinarian has properly diagnosed your dog before considering feeding your pet a therapeutic dog food. Special health formula dog foods are meant for dogs with known medical conditions.
  • Don’t mix and match the foods, as that wouldn’t optimize the nutritional therapy for the particular condition. If your dog suffers from more than one problem -- let’s say it is overweight and has joint problems -- consider the severity of each condition and choose to target just one with the food. Consult with your veterinarian to make this determination.
    
  • Do feed as directed by your veterinarian and the manufacturer. Usually the amounts and feeding schedules are comparable to those recommended for regular dog foods.
    
  • Don’t give your dog one of these foods in the hopes that it will prevent the particular health problem from surfacing in the first place. The diets may be restricted in certain nutrients below the minimal level required for usual healthy maintenance.
  If fed correctly, veterinarian-inspired and formulated dog foods may be just what the doctor ordered for your dog. Given the continued innovations in pet medicine and dog nutrition, it’s likely that our canine friends will grow ever older with us, providing us all with more quality time together.
  
  
  
  ]]>Fri, 26 Nov 2010 04:52:03 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-261-11-2010.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-260-11-2010.aspx The Daily Cat: Behavior Basics Best Toys for Your Playful Cat From the Editors of The Daily Cat You can find all sorts of different cat toys in stores, but nearly all fit into the follo....
  
  
  
  

  The Daily Cat: Behavior Basics

  Best Toys for Your Playful Cat

  From the Editors of The Daily Cat
  
  
  You can find all sorts of different cat toys in stores, but nearly all fit into the following four categories:
  
  
  • Chasers
  Your cat can chase and paw at these toys. Examples include catnip mice, balls and feather wands.
  
  
  • Rewarders
  Toys that reward your cat in some direct, tangible way fall into this category. Balls with holes that release cat treats, for example, fit this description.
  
  
  • Puzzle Solving
  Some of the best toys are those that cause your cat to work out a problem, such as how to find a ball in a maze or how to locate a remote-control critter.
  
  
  • Exploratory
  Crinkly tunnels and small jungle gyms for cats fit into this category. These toys encourage your cat to explore.
  
  Your cat can benefit from all these toys. During your next shopping trip, consider adding one or more of each type to your cat’s toy chest if you don’t have similar toys already. That way, your pet can exercise all of its brainpower and muscles. Just remember that you are your cat’s favorite plaything; in fact, your cat may ignore most toys unless you introduce them and help Fluffy play along.
  
  
  
  ]]>Fri, 26 Nov 2010 04:52:03 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-260-11-2010.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-257-11-2010.aspx The Dog Daily: Nutritious Dish Your Dog’s Unique Nutritional Needs By Elizabeth Wasserman for The Dog Daily In the not-so-distant past, there were basically two dog food options: puppy c....
  
  
  
  

  The Dog Daily: Nutritious Dish

  Your Dog’s Unique Nutritional Needs

  By Elizabeth Wasserman for The Dog Daily
  
  
  In the not-so-distant past, there were basically two dog food options: puppy chow and everything else. Now, dog owners have more choices. Different foods for puppies, adult dogs and the senior set have been in stores for a while. Newer to the market are foods geared to meet the requirements of dogs based on size, sensitivities to digestive ailments, skin issues, weight and level of activity.
  
  Dogs That Benefit From the New Foods
  Does the average dog need these new dog foods? “No, but they have been a godsend to owners with dogs that have certain problems or requirements,” says Dr. Bonnie Beaver, past president of the American Veterinary Medical Association and a veterinary professor at Texas A&M University. “It’s been extremely helpful to give good quality nutrition and meet the health needs of these animals.”
  
  A Checklist for Dog Nutritional Needs
  To determine which dog food is right for your pet, experts say you should talk to your dog’s veterinarian and consider the following:
  
  
  • Age Older dogs tend to burn fewer calories than puppies and normal adult dogs do. Therefore, nutritional needs differ based on age, says Dr. Katy J. Nelson, an emergency veterinarian in Alexandria, Va., who has worked on pet nutrition issues. In general, dogs are divided into the following age groups: puppies (0 to 12 months), adult dogs (1 to 7 years) and senior canines (7 years and older).
  • Size of breed Smaller breeds often eat less, but they frequently need more dietary fat to maintain a high energy level, as do larger dogs. Dogs are generally defined as small (1 to 20 pounds), medium (20 to 50 pounds), large (51 to 100 pounds), and giant (100 pounds and up).
  • Weight Issues Overweight dogs tend to develop a variety of problems, such as joint disease, a higher risk of cancer and gastrointestinal problems, in addition to having a shorter life expectancy. To determine if your pup is overweight, Beaver suggests feeling its ribs. If you push through too much fat and cannot feel them easily, your dog could be overweight. Foods for overweight dogs often contain L-carnitine, a nutrient that helps the body turn fat into energy.
  • Activity level Dogs that get lengthy walks or do more strenuous exercise will burn more calories than couch potatoes, so you want a food that promotes good digestion and properly energizes your pet.
  • Pregnant/nursing/neutered dogs Dogs that are pregnant or nursing may need a higher caloric intake than other adult dogs. Dogs that have been spayed or neutered have lower energy requirements and metabolic needs. According to Nelson, “maintaining those sex organs takes a lot of the body’s energy and slows down a whole lot of processes.”
  • Unique issues Healthy digestion may be maintained by feeding your dog a food containing prebiotics, which stimulate the growth of “good” bacteria in the gut. Dog foods that reduce tartar buildup can help your pup maintain healthier teeth. Dry, flaky skin may be alleviated by foods that contain essential fatty acids. To prevent joint and mobility issues, try foods containing glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate and fish oil. Meanwhile, dog foods with novel proteins and carbohydrates are also available for canines.
  More on dog food from our sponsor
  
  
  
  ]]>Thu, 18 Nov 2010 04:36:11 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-257-11-2010.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-256-11-2010.aspx The Daily Cat: Nutrition Now Your Cat’s Unique Nutritional Needs From the Editors of The Daily Cat Cat foods are currently available in a variety of specialized formulas. There are food....
  
  
  
  

  The Daily Cat: Nutrition Now

  Your Cat’s Unique Nutritional Needs

  From the Editors of The Daily Cat
  
  
  Cat foods are currently available in a variety of specialized formulas. There are foods for sensitive stomachs, hairball issues and overweight cats; for adult cats and kittens; and for “multi-cat” households. This means that pet owners can now easily find foods that meet the nutritional needs of most cats.
  
  “The number of foods that are available now is astronomical,” says Lori Jacobs, a Los Angeles-area mother whose family has five cats. Customized cat foods help Jacobs control one of her cats’ digestive problems -- and may benefit your cats too.
  
  A Checklist for Nutritional Needs
  To determine which cat food to feed your pet, experts say you should talk to your cat’s veterinarian and consider the following:
  
  
  • Age Older cats tend to burn fewer calories than kittens and normal adult cats. Therefore, nutritional needs differ based on age, says Dr. Katy J. Nelson, an emergency veterinarian in Alexandria, Va., who has worked on pet nutrition issues. In general, cats can be divided into the following age groups: kittens (0 to 12 months old), adult cats (1 to 6 years old) and senior cats (7 years and older).
  • Weight Obesity in cats can become a systemic inflammatory disease and contribute to other problems like joint disease, a higher risk of cancer, and gastrointestinal problems, says Nelson. To determine whether your cat is overweight, try to feel its ribs, says Bonnie Beaver, past president of the American Veterinary Medical Association and a veterinary professor at Texas A&M University. If you have to push through too much fat and cannot feel the ribs easily, your cat is likely overweight. Foods for overweight cats often contain L-carnitine, a nutrient that helps the body turn fat into energy.
  • Activity level and size “There is a huge difference between a 15-pound tomcat and a dainty indoor cat or a strictly couch potato kitty in terms of energy output,” says Nelson. You want a food that promotes good digestion and properly energizes your pet.
  • Multi-cat households Having several cats under one roof can be a challenge in terms of meeting individual pet needs. For multi-cat owners, there are specialized foods that can meet the needs of cats of various ages and activity levels that are fed at one time.
  • Pregnant/nursing/neutered cats Cats that are pregnant or nursing may need a higher caloric intake than normal adult cats. Cats that have been spayed or neutered have lower energy requirements and metabolic needs. “Maintaining those sex organs takes a lot of the body’s energy and slows down a whole lot of processes,” Nelson explains.
  • Unique issues A healthy digestive system may be better maintained by feeding your cat food containing prebiotics, specialized fibers that stimulate the growth of “good” bacteria in your cat’s gut. Some foods contain ingredients that reduce tartar buildup and help your kitty maintain healthier teeth. Others help alleviate dry, flaky skin through essential fatty acids, such as the omega-3 and omega-6 fats found in sources like chicken, fish oil and eggs. For preventing joint and mobility issues, there are foods containing glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate and fish oil.
  More on cat food from our sponsor
  
  
  
  ]]>Thu, 18 Nov 2010 04:36:11 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-256-11-2010.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-254-11-2010.aspx The Dog Daily: Total Health Help Your Dog Beat Summer’s Heat By Elizabeth Wasserman for The Dog Daily The old saying "the dog days of summer" wasn’t coined for nothing. The phrase actua....
  
  
  
  

  The Dog Daily: Total Health

  Help Your Dog Beat Summer’s Heat

  By Elizabeth Wasserman for The Dog Daily
  
  
  The old saying "the dog days of summer" wasn’t coined for nothing.
  
  The phrase actually stems from the stars, as Sirius, the "Dog Star," rises in conjunction with the sun between July and August. Some of our ancestors believed that the brightness of the sun and star combined to cause summer’s extreme heat. Over the years, however, we’ve come to use the expression for sweltering days that aren’t fit for any dog.
  
  The truth is that dogs are more susceptible to the summer heat than we are. They have to wear a fur coat all year round. Whereas we can sweat to cool ourselves down, our pups sweat only through glands on the nose and paws and try to release heat by panting. "They can’t cool themselves off like humans," says Kelly Connolly, an issues specialist with the Human Society of the United States. "They can’t roll down the windows of a car or turn on the air conditioning. It’s up to humans to make sure that their dogs are comfortable enough and that they can live healthily in the summer heat."
  
  As global warming brings more extreme temperatures to all corners of the planet, it’s important for pet owners to do what they can to keep their furry friends cool and recognize signs of discomfort. Veterinarians say signs of overheating include panting hard. But heat stroke symptoms can include a staggered gait, rapid heartbeat, listlessness, restlessness, vomiting and a darkening of the gums and tongue. If your dog’s bodily temperature rises above the normal range of up to 102.5 degrees Fahrenheit, it may be time to take the dog to a veterinarian or animal hospital, says April Guest, DVM, of the Meyerland Animal Clinic, near Houston.
  
  Summer Don’ts
  There are several summer hazards pet owners should be aware of. Here are five things you should never do with your dog:
  
  
  • Don’t leave your dog in a parked car Even with the window cracked, temperatures can rise up to 30 degrees in the space of a few minutes, says Connolly. "Pets are in danger of heat stroke when the indoor temperature reaches 110 degrees," she says. "Even when it’s 70 degrees outside, it is going to be suffocating in a quick amount of time in that car."
  • Don’t tie your dog up outside in the blazing sun Our canine pals need an escape during sunny summer months, so if you plan to let your pet outside, make sure that it can find shelter under a tree shade, a porch or other structure. The heat is not only a danger to your dog, but your pet can also become sunburned if it’s a thin-coated or wire-haired breed.
  • Don’t put sunscreen made for humans on your pooch Chemicals in some sunscreens can be harmful if pets ingest them, says Dr. Guest. What dog won’t try to lick off the gooey white substance if given the option? Pet stores sell sunscreens formulated especially for dogs.
  • Don’t exercise your pup under the midday sun Chasing sticks or a Frisbee, or even a long walk, can put extra strain on a dog during peak sun times. "The heat of the day can take a toll particularly on dogs who are overweight, older or who have certain diseases," Dr. Guest says.
  • Don’t walk your dog on asphalt unless you test the temperature A dog’s paw pads are susceptible to burns, says Elaine Acker, CEO of Pets America, a nonprofit animal rescue organization. "Slip off your shoes and stand on the pavement with bare feet first," she advises. "If it’s not comfortable for you, it’s not going to be comfortable for your dog either."
  Tips for Keeping Your Dog Cool
  There are also steps -- and extra measures -- you can take to keep your dog comfortable in the heat and humidity of summer. Experts suggest these tips:
  
  Cool: Put warm -- never cold -- water on your pup’s paws to help them cool down.
  
  Cooler: Try rubbing alcohol instead of water, which will cool as it evaporates from your pet’s pads.
  
  Cool: Turn on a sprinkler outside for your dog to run through.
  
  Cooler: Buy a $5 plastic kiddie pool for your pup. Place it in the shade and fill it with a few inches of water for splashing and fun.
  
  Cool: Brush your dog’s coat to get the knots out and add a bit of water to help cool your pet. This will happen as the water evaporates.
  
  Cooler: Schedule a grooming session or a shave for long-coated dogs or those with a heavy undercoat.
  
  Cool: Fill your dog’s bowl regularly with cool water.
  
  Cooler: Toss a few ice cubes in the water bowl so your canine has something cool to gnaw on.
  
  Cool: Set up an old beach umbrella in the yard for your dog to lie under.
  
  Cooler: Buy a well-ventilated doghouse and keep it in the shade. Some pet stores now sell misters that attach to a doghouse and spray water throughout the day.
  
  Cool: Plug in a portable electric fan and aim it toward your pet.
  
  Cooler: Fill a spray bottle with water and gently mist your dog. Some may try to playfully bite the spray or stream.
  
  Cool: Encourage your pet to lie down indoors on a tile floor, such as in a bathroom or kitchen. Ceramic tiles stay cooler than wood floors or carpet.
  
  Cooler: Wet a towel for your dog to lie down on and place it on a surface that stays cool in the shade, like concrete, marble or tile.
  
  Cool: Take a cool, wet towel and wipe down your dog.
  
  Cooler: Take a cool, wet towel and wipe the inside of your pup’s ears. Body heat is dispersed in the capillaries that line your dog’s ears, making coolness there especially important. Make sure to wring out the towel first because pooled water can lead to ear infections.
  
  Cool: If your dog will be outside for part of the day, provide a large bowl for water that can’t be tipped over, leaving your dog without it.
  
  Cooler: Place that large bowl of water under a slowly dripping spigot to constantly replenish the supply with cooler H₂O.
  
  Cool: Instead of playing outside in the heat, toss a ball for your dog indoors.
  
  Cooler: Plan your playtime or your daily walk for early in the morning or at dusk. "The odds are your pet will enjoy it a lot more," Connolly says, "and so will you."
  
  
  
  ]]>Thu, 11 Nov 2010 05:10:29 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-254-11-2010.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-253-11-2010.aspx The Daily Cat: Behavior Basics The Dos and Don’ts of Walking Cats From the Editors of The Daily Cat When used correctly and with the right cat, a leash can provide both you and your pet....
  
  
  
  

  The Daily Cat: Behavior Basics

  The Dos and Don’ts of Walking Cats

  From the Editors of The Daily Cat
  
  
  When used correctly and with the right cat, a leash can provide both you and your pet a safe way to spend quality time together outdoors while getting exercise too. Here are the requested do’s and don’ts:
  
  Do …
  
  
  • purchase a lightweight leash and harness specially designed for cats.
  • allow your cat to get used to the leash by laying it next to sleeping areas or other spots your cat frequents. Your cat can then learn that it is not an object to fear.
  • reward your pet with a treat after first placing the harness on your cat. Remove the harness when the cat seems agitated or uncomfortable. Allow time for your cat to get used to the feel of the harness.
  • take your cat on indoor walks for a few days until venturing outside.
  Don’t …
  
  
  • use a harness that’s too tight or loose. Ideally, you should be able to fit just two fingers between your cat and the harness.
  • force the leash and harness on your cat if your cat is experiencing high stress and discomfort. Some cats adapt better to the equipment than others.
  • aggressively pull the leash: Your cat will only learn to hate it more.
  • attempt to walk an elderly cat or one with health issues before first consulting with a veterinarian.
  Photo: ©iStockphoto.com/damaianty
  
  
  
  ]]>Thu, 11 Nov 2010 05:10:29 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-253-11-2010.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-249-11-2010.aspx The Dog Daily: Total Health Diabetes in Dogs: Symptoms and Treatment By Darcy Lockman for The Dog Daily Brooklyn-based marketing manager Lori Townsend adopted her long-haired dachshund, ....
  
  
  
  

  The Dog Daily: Total Health

  Diabetes in Dogs: Symptoms and Treatment

  By Darcy Lockman for The Dog Daily
  
  
  Brooklyn-based marketing manager Lori Townsend adopted her long-haired dachshund, Daisy, when the pup was weaned at 10 weeks old. Daisy had no health problems to speak of until soon after her seventh birthday: Suddenly she emptied her water dish more frequently and soaked the bathroom rug regularly with urine. “She hadn’t had an accident since she was a puppy, so I knew something was wrong,” says Townsend. She took her furry friend to the veterinarian, who tested Daisy’s urine and blood and ultimately diagnosed the dog with diabetes.
  
  “Diabetes is pretty common in middle-age dogs,” says Virginia-based emergency veterinarian Dr. Katy Nelson. “Nobody knows why it happens, but the cells in the pancreas that make insulin begin to dysfunction.” Below, Nelson explains the signs and treatment of diabetes mellitus (aka “sugar diabetes”) in canines.
  
  What Is Diabetes Mellitus?
  Just as humans get two types of diabetes (type 1 and 2), so do pets. Dogs are more likely by far to have type 1, insulin-dependent diabetes, which results from the body’s failure to produce insulin. Canines are at much lower risk for type 2, insulin-resistant diabetes, in which cells cannot use insulin properly. Nevertheless, about one in every 100 dogs will develop diabetes in its lifetime.
  
  “It does run in families, and certain breeds seem more vulnerable to it,” says Nelson. Cocker spaniels, dachshunds, Dobermans, German shepherds, golden retrievers, Labrador retrievers, Pomeranians, terriers and toy poodles top the list of breeds most likely to develop the disease.
  
  What Are the Symptoms?
  “PU/PD,” says Nelson, referring to polyuria (urinating a lot) and polydipsia (drinking a lot). “All of a sudden you can’t keep the water bowl full, and a house-trained dog is going all over the place.” She adds that sudden weight change -- loss or gain -- as well as vomiting and diarrhea are additional possible symptoms.
  
  “The symptoms are pretty nonspecific. The most common thing we have people bring their dogs in for is acting strange, and drinking and peeing a lot.”
  
  How Is It Treated?
  There is no cure for canine diabetes, but it can be managed to maintain a pet’s quality of life. The treatment for diabetes in dogs involves three parts:
  
  1. Insulin injections. “This is No. 1,” says Nelson. The dog’s insulin must be regulated, which takes a few months of trial-and-error dosing in order to happen. “You need to like your veterinarian, because you’re going to see that person a lot.” Dogs are monitored frequently, often during 24-hour office visits, in the period following initial diagnosis. A diabetic dog requires due diligence from the owner, who most typically must inject the dog twice daily, at fairly precise 12-hour intervals. The needles are small, and when administered in the scruff of the neck while the dog is eating, the dog may not even notice the prick.
  
  2. Diet. Overweight dogs have an increased chance of developing diabetes. However, a diabetes diet does not necessarily mean one that promotes weight loss, just one that is prescribed by the veterinarian. Says Nelson: “I suggest a food with a high-quality, animal-based protein source with an immediate glucose source like rice but also an extended glucose source like corn or barley.” Meals must be provided on a consistent schedule as well.
  
  3. Exercise. Regular exercise can improve insulin absorption in diabetic dogs. However, more is not always better. A diabetic dog should have roughly the same amount of exercise each day (or an increasing amount only slowly) to avoid hypoglycemia. That condition can result in loss of consciousness and the need for emergency treatment. Your veterinarian should supervise your furry friend’s workout regimen along with its insulin and diet.
  
  Townsend’s dachshund, Daisy, just celebrated her ninth birthday. The chronic condition has not been easy for Townsend to contend with. “She definitely needs a lot more care than before she developed diabetes,” says the dog lover, who not only injects her pet with insulin each morning and evening at 7, but also tests her pet’s blood glucose before each meal with a blood glucose meter and urine test strips. Townshend additionally takes Daisy to the veterinarian regularly and is extra-vigilant to ensure her pet does not get into the trash. “It’s hard work, but I wouldn’t treat a member of my family any other way,” says Townsend.
  
  ]]>Wed, 03 Nov 2010 01:50:55 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-249-11-2010.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-248-11-2010.aspx The Daily Cat: Blissful Cat ‘Adopt a Senior Pet Month’ Saves Lives From the Editors of The Daily Cat November is Adopt a Senior Pet Month, a time of year that’s always celebrated in my ....
  
  
  
  

  The Daily Cat: Blissful Cat

  ‘Adopt a Senior Pet Month’ Saves Lives

  From the Editors of The Daily Cat
  
  
  November is Adopt a Senior Pet Month, a time of year that’s always celebrated in my home. My life has been so blessed and enriched by my two cats, Freddy and Sweetie, who are both well over 20 and are thankfully still going strong. If you can bring home a new pet, consider adopting a senior kitty.
  
  “Think of a pet that is already trained and doesn’t chew or scratch everything in sight -- a pet that will love you unconditionally,” says Kim Saunders, director of public relations for PetFinder.com. “That’s what you get when you adopt a senior pet.” PetFinder.com is sponsoring Adopt a Senior Pet Month, which grows in popularity each year. Here are more reasons why you should consider bringing home such a cat:
  
  1. You will avoid the “kitten zoomies.”
  Kittens offer their own playful companionship and charms, but they also require a certain amount of tolerance. “The internal energy clock of kittens tends to go off between 3 and 5 a.m.,” says Gail Buchwald, senior vice president of the ASPCA Adoption Center and Mobile Clinic Outreach Program. “That’s when kitten owners are awakened the most.”
  
  Veterinarians even get calls from concerned owners of kittens and “teenaged cats” (cats under the age of 2). “They’ll phone in saying, ‘Something is wrong with my cat. It’s always running around and getting into mischief,’” according to Buchwald, who usually assures them that the behavior is probably tied to the cat version of the “terrible twos.”
  
  2. You will gain a loyal, loving family member.
  Some people worry that senior pets come with problems, but Hazel Blumberg-McKee of Tallahassee, Fla., who has adopted senior animals, believes there are no disadvantages. She explains that “in most cases, they’ve had a home and they want one again. An older animal is easier to deal with.”
  
  Buchwald, who has an elderly cat, agrees. “You’ll likely find yourself with a lap cat, a snuggle cat, a greet-you-at-the-door cat all rolled into one.” On top of that, “your new senior cat won’t place tremendous demands on you as a kitten might.”
  
  3. You will still likely have an active, playful pet.
  Cats, like humans, often live long, active and healthy lives well past adulthood. I can certainly attest to that, as my Freddy and Sweetie are still quite frisky and playful without being kitten zoomers. “There’s a bias in our culture toward youth, and that extends to our pets,” explains Buchwald. “Senior cats often remain playful, wanting to chase after string, bat a ball, or otherwise want to enjoy spending active time with you.”
  
  4. You may save money.
  The ASPCA sometimes offers a “Free Over Three” adult cat adoption promotion. Check with your local shelter to see if that, or a similar program, is in place. “We were concerned we’d have a lot of returns, since the over-3-year-old cats are free, but quite the opposite happens,” says Buchwald. “Families fall in love with their cats and don’t want to let them go.”
  
  You may also save money on your medical bills. The Humane Society of the United States reports that senior humans, in particular, may enjoy lower blood pressure and other cardiac benefits from the soothing presence of a cat. Pets also help ease loneliness, thereby promoting mental health too.
  
  Tips on Caring for a Senior Cat
  Buchwald offers these five basic guidelines for senior pet care:
  
  1. Feed your elderly cat a senior diet. “Veterinarians recommend senior diets for older cats,” she explains. Certain cats may require other special diets if they have particular health issues.
  
  2. Groom your cat regularly. “Sometimes older cats will slack off on grooming themselves,” she explains.
  
  3. Provide playtime. Just as we humans need to exercise throughout our lives, so do cats.
  
  4. Keep it relatively quiet. “If your home is like Grand Central Station all the time, your older cat is likely to become stressed out,” she says. Make sure your cat has a nice, quiet spot to retreat to throughout the day.
  
  5. Schedule regular veterinary visits. Prevention and early detection can save, and extend, lives.
  
  “My senior pets are priceless to me,” says Buchwald. “I have never regretted my decision to adopt older animals. They provide me with such unconditional love and joy.”
  
  ]]>Wed, 03 Nov 2010 01:50:55 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-248-11-2010.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-246-10-2010.aspx The Dog Daily: Nutritious Dish How to Throw a Pooch Party By Jennifer Viegas for The Dog Daily Coco Chanel’s recent birthday party evoked all the glamour of the famous clothing designer....
  
  
  
  

  The Dog Daily: Nutritious Dish

  How to Throw a Pooch Party

  By Jennifer Viegas for The Dog Daily
  
  
  Coco Chanel’s recent birthday party evoked all the glamour of the famous clothing designer. In an exquisitely decorated party room, guests nibbled on appetizers served by uniformed attendants carrying golden trays. Only select partygoers, however, enjoyed the signature “Coco Cocktail,” a warmed, low-sodium chicken broth mixed with filtered water. As it turned out, many of Coco’s party invitees were just like her: Maltese dogs.
  
  Handling nearly every aspect of Coco’s canine birthday bash was Dorothy Moore, owner of The Dining Dog Café & Bakery, an Edmonds, Wash. restaurant. It was a cakewalk, or one might say bonewalk, for Moore, whose restaurant, with its white tablecloths, soft music and chandeliers, caters to the needs of her canine customers. As one of the world’s leading party organizers for dogs, however, she frequently leaves her restaurant to orchestrate perfect pooch parties.
  
  Working with such an expert means the doggie sky, and perhaps your budget, are the only limitations.
  
  From Weddings to Fashion Shows
  In the past, Moore baked wedding cakes for human couples, but now she prefers to cater dog weddings. During one recent ceremony, the furry bride and groom stared rapturously into each other’s eyes, while the proud owners stood nearby holding back tears of joy. She says, “Tiny framed pictures of the dogs decorated the top of the canine-edible cake, while guests received toy and treat favor bags.”
  
  She also recently organized a fashion show extravaganza at The Beverly Hills Mutt Club. Humans and dogs modeled spring fashions. Afterwards, “owners savored fancy salads and pasta dishes, while all of the dogs gobbled up my special canine quiche, doggie cookies and appetizers.”
  
  For other parties, Moore has brought in massage therapists, spa specialists and pet psychics. “The massage theme is especially popular,” she says. “Dogs receive their massage first on a soft, warm blanket. While they relax, their owners then get a soothing 10-minute massage.” The key to this event, and many others, she believes, is to make sure food and activities involve both canines and their owners, so no one feels bored or left behind.
  
  Do It Yourself
  Moore says you can successfully organize such parties yourself. “You might think of them as you would a children’s party, with that level of creativity and extra care needed.” She offers these tips:
  
  
  • Leash your pup “Instruct all guests to bring their dogs on a leash,” she says, adding that adults should also always be in charge of holding the leash. “I’ve been to some parties where the owner was having such a good time that he left the dog in the care of his kid. Adults really need to stay with their pets.”
  • Make a pit stop Be sure to make a bathroom stop before the event. For obvious reasons, it avoids embarrassing “party pooper” problems that might occur later.
  • Don’t bring antisocial dogs If your dog has a hard time relating to unfamiliar dogs and people, it probably wouldn’t be happy at the party anyway.
  • Prep for the party in advance Many large party supply stores now carry invitations, hats and other items suitable for a dog fest. Online businesses like Fun Stuff for Dogs even specialize in dog party items.
  • Choose a theme Carry your theme throughout all your party elements. At a St. Patrick’s Day party, for example, the guests received green hats, corned beef treats and enjoyed Irish music, played softly enough for sensitive canine ears.
  • Keep guests occupied One of the easiest and least expensive solutions is to use your party’s greatest resource: its canine attendants. Consider holding contests, such as “largest tail,” “best trick” or “floppiest ears,” with prizes or paper awards going to the winners.
  Party Food
  The preparation and serving of food for your dog party might at first seem like your biggest challenge, but it’s actually one of the simplest aspects to consider. Although Moore whips up special food treats, she admits that these are just snacks and that all dogs “should still follow their normal diets.”
  
  That having been said, food time doesn’t have to be dullsville for your dog and its friends. Moore often likes to offer dogs their usual food favorites, only all together and in much smaller portions than normal, creating a sort of hors d’oeuvre arrangement. “Present it nicely, with the foods separated on a large tray or plate, so that it looks appetizing and festive to both dogs and their owners,” she advises. As for a business cocktail party, the goal is to enhance the overall experience with the food and not fill up your human and dog guests so that they all want to lie down and take a nap.
  
  Another tip is to avoid serving dogs hard bones, chewy foods or other hard-to-bite edibles. While these may be fine for everyday home noshing by your pet, the added excitement of a party, or canines eating something they might not be used to, could lead to choking and spit-ups, which could understandably ruin any party.
  
  Healthy for Dogs and Humans
  Numerous studies show that positive socializing is healthy for you and your dog. Having a party for pets can even help shy people come out of their social shells. The friendly, uninhibited nature of canines somehow helps break the ice. Moore says, “I’ve had a lot of people show up to my events and tell me they hate parties, but at the end of the evening, they are usually the ones who are most into it and who don’t want to leave because they are enjoying good friends -- human and canine -- and good times.”
  
  
  
  ]]>Tue, 26 Oct 2010 02:13:00 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-246-10-2010.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-245-10-2010.aspx The Daily Cat: Whole Health Keep Your Cat Healthy This Halloween From the Editors of The Daily Cat Halloween might be fun for us humans, but it can be a haunting experience for our cats....
  
  
  
  

  The Daily Cat: Whole Health

  Keep Your Cat Healthy This Halloween

  From the Editors of The Daily Cat
  
  
  Halloween might be fun for us humans, but it can be a haunting experience for our cats. While we’re dishing out candy, carving pumpkins and donning scary costumes, it’s easy to overlook the risks our cats might face.
  
  “It’s one of those things people don’t always think about,” says Candance Labane-Godfrey, a past president of the National Association of Professional Pet Sitters. Labane-Godfrey and other experts offer 13 not-so-ghoulish tips to keep your cat healthy and safe this Halloween.
  
  
  
  1. Watch the pumpkin.
     Take special care if you carve a pumpkin for Halloween, says Labane-Godfrey. Cats have an affinity for pumpkin, she explains, but “carved pumpkins are prone to developing bacteria.” Consider using a realistic, artificial jack-o’-lantern instead.
  2. Douse the candles.
     The flickering flames from candles and their accompanying shadows might add to the creepy Halloween atmosphere, but that dancing flame also poses a temptation for your feline friend. Your curious cat may burn a paw swatting flames or knock over a candle -- a hazard for both you and kitty. Don’t underestimate your cat’s ability to jump if you place candles in an area you think is out of reach.
  3. Secure electrical cords.
     Halloween decorations have moved far beyond a simple carved jack-o’-lantern. These days, the fashionably ghoulish home requires some serious juice. Cats are sometimes tempted to chew on electrical cords, putting themselves at risk for electrical shock, says Labane-Godfrey. The plastic tubes used to disguise electrical cords in home offices or around entertainment centers also work to protect cords from your cat.
  4. Make a safe space.
     Secure your kitty in a calm, secluded place well before the Halloween festivities begin. With doors open frequently, there’s a greater chance of your cat escaping, reminds Dr. Tina Wismer, senior director of veterinary outreach and education for the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.
  5. Make slow introductions.
     If the party is at your place, consider leaving your cat in its safe space. At the very least, wait until your guests have arrived, and ease your cat into “introductions.”
  6. Use a break-away collar.
     Even if your cat remains indoors all the time, it’s a good idea to make sure your pal wears a break-away collar with ID tags, advises Labane-Godfrey.
  7. Guard the dip.
     At parties, we tend to leave food sitting out longer and in more varied locations than we do in everyday life. That shrimp left sitting for several hours poses a risk to your kitty as bacteria builds. Dips often contain onions, garlic or onion powder, which can damage your cat’s red blood cells if kitty gets into the dip, says Wismer. Remember that guests may leave plates of food in unexpected locations, so make regular patrols of party areas.
  8. Keep an eye on the alcohol.
     Drinks containing cream or milk products may tempt your cat, notes Wismer. “Cats are so much smaller than we are; it doesn’t take very much alcohol to end up with problems,” she says.
  9. Pick up glow sticks.
     Glow sticks, bracelets and necklaces help keep trick-or-treaters safe, but they’re also an irresistible temptation for cats. Make sure your kids don’t leave glow sticks lying around where your kitty can chew on them. The sticks and jewelry contain a bitter substance that will make your cat drool uncontrollably, says Wismer.
  10. Keep candy in a bowl.
      It’s fun for kids to come home and dump their loot on the floor, but it’s safer for your kitty if the candy is confined to a bowl or large container. First, artificial sweeteners and chocolate can be toxic to animals. Second, crinkly candy wrappers may seem like toys to cats. If your cat chews on a wrapper, it could cause an intestinal blockage that requires surgery.
  11. Avoid artificial spider webs.
      “Anything long and stringy that your cat can chew on can cause an obstruction,” says Wismer.
  12. Check decorations.
      Decorations and costumes often have dangly strings, tinsel or cords, posing a threat as well, cautions Dr. Joann Gaines, owner of Ridgeview Animal Hospital in Omaha, Neb. These sorts of obstructions can be life-threatening, she notes.
  13. Ditch the costume.
      Resist that clever or adorable cat costume you see in your local pet boutique. You’re likely to stress your cat, and costumes can sometimes limit movement, breathing or hearing. Remember too that you may stress or scare your cat if you appear in costume.
  It’s critical to keep your cat in mind as you prepare to celebrate Halloween and other holidays, says Labane-Godfrey. “It can definitely be a risky time for cats because of some of the products and tools we humans use around holiday times.”
  
   
  
  
  
  ]]>Tue, 26 Oct 2010 02:13:00 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-245-10-2010.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-243-10-2010.aspx The Dog Daily: Nutritious Dish Control Your Dog’s Weight With Food By Brad Kloza for The Dog Daily According to the Association for Pet Obesity Prevention, an estimated 45 percent of al....
  
  
  
  

  The Dog Daily: Nutritious Dish

  Control Your Dog’s Weight With Food

  By Brad Kloza for The Dog Daily
  
  
  According to the Association for Pet Obesity Prevention, an estimated 45 percent of all dogs in the U.S. are overweight or obese. Luckily, there are food choices, based on good science, that can help treat the problem of an overweight or underweight dog.
  
  Fat Dog, Skinny Dog
  For many dog owners, determining what’s over or under a normal weight isn’t so obvious. The most reliable way to find out is to ask your veterinarian, says Dr. Katy Nelson, a Virginia-based vet who has consulted on dog food nutrition matters. Your vet will use one of two scoring systems, with a sliding scale that runs from emaciated to morbidly obese.
  
  A good at-home way to measure is to look at your dog’s ribs, says Rebecca Rose, a veterinary technician who has routinely advised pet owners about weight issues over her 23-year career. “If ribs can be seen, your dog is too thin,” she says. “If the ribs can be felt, that is optimum. If the ribs are not felt, then your dog is overweight.”
  
  Once you know your dog’s goal, there are a large number of specialized foods that can help. Here’s a quick rundown for each situation:
  
  Adding Weight
  Foods created specifically for underweight dogs, sometimes called “performance” foods, usually contain higher protein and fat than usual. This can help build muscle mass. They aren’t merely the doggie equivalent of Big Macs, says Nelson. They’re just much more calorically dense than other foods, allowing a dog to eat a “normal” amount but supplying it with more calories per bite.
  
  Nelson believes it’s a better option than giving bigger portions of “regular” food. “If a pet becomes accustomed to eating a large amount per day, it may be more difficult to transition it [back] when it’s achieved an ideal weight,” she says.
  
  Weight Control
  Anyone who has dieted knows that, after losing weight, keeping it off can be just as hard. That’s where “weight control” foods come in (sometimes they’re also called “weight maintenance” or “weight management”). They’re used to maintain the ideal weight once it’s been achieved.
  
  “Don’t count on them to reduce your pet’s weight,” warns Nelson. “But they’re wonderful foods if your pet is where it needs to be.” She says these foods can also be used for obesity prevention -- for a dog that has the potential to become overweight, such as hypothyroid or “couch potato” dogs.
  
  Losing Weight
  There is a wide variety of options for dogs that need to lose weight. Some of these foods are very high in fiber, since fiber makes dogs, like people, feel fuller with smaller amounts of food. But Nelson says drawbacks include the increased “output” that results from a fiber-rich diet, as well as poor coat quality. Instead, she prefers high-quality dog foods with moderate amounts of carbohydrates and protein.
  
  “Look for products that include L-carnitine, an amino acid that helps ‘escort’ fat into cells to be burned efficiently,” says Nelson. “Also look for vitamin A -- it helps fool the brain into thinking that it’s full -- and chromium tripicolinate, another fat-burning additive.”
  
  But these foods alone won’t do the trick. “Portion control is the key in utilizing these scientifically engineered foods,” says Nelson. “You can have the best weight loss food on the market in your pet’s bowl, but if you’re dishing out too much of it, giving too many treats or not incorporating physical activity, your diet plan will fail.”
  
  It’s also important to know the proper definition of a “cup” of food. Rose says she’s experienced many occasions where a dog owner’s idea of a cup was way off from the official eight ounces. “Conversations around ‘cup’ varied -- that a coffee can is a cup, or a 24-ounce soda cup is a cup. Obviously, these are not true 8-ounce servings,” she says.
  
  Lastly, you might wonder how all these foods taste. Are they as unappealing to dogs as many “diet” foods are to people? “You may have to try a few foods to find the one that your pet will like,” says Nelson. “But in general, pets that are obese often do not have the most discerning of tastes.”
  
  
  
  ]]>Tue, 19 Oct 2010 03:05:55 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-243-10-2010.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-242-10-2010.aspx The Daily Cat: Nutrition Now Mealtime in a Multi-cat Home From the Editors of The Daily Cat Whether you currently live in a multi-cat home or are thinking about adopting another pet, co....
  
  
  
  

  The Daily Cat: Nutrition Now

  Mealtime in a Multi-cat Home

  From the Editors of The Daily Cat
  
  
  Whether you currently live in a multi-cat home or are thinking about adopting another pet, consider these common concerns and questions when it comes to their mealtime. Dr. Katy Nelson, a Virginia-based emergency veterinarian, weighs in on multi-cat food and whether it’s right for your household.
  
  Is multi-cat food right for my household?
  Multi-cat formula is ideal for households with cats between the ages of one and eight who do not have any health problems that require special diets. Cats with diabetes or kidney issues, for example, might need to consume particular types of cat food recommended by veterinarians.
  
  “If you’ve got a kitten, a pregnant cat or a 12-year-old, multi-cat food is not appropriate,” adds Nelson. “Kittens and pregnant cats need more calories, and seniors need less protein,” she explains.
  
  What goes into a good multi-cat food?
  Multi-cat food is formulated to meet the nutritional needs of healthy adult cats of all body types. Quality multi-cat foods contain the high protein levels that all cats require, as well as L-carnitine, which helps to burn fat. Vitamin A, found in multi-cat food, reduces the risk of weight gain and boosts energy. Along with vitamin E, it supports your pets’ hair and skin health.
  
  Nelson recommends a multi-cat formula with prebiotics, which promote healthy digestion, as well as beet pulp, which is one of the best fiber sources for cats. “The way beet pulp ferments, it doesn’t produce much gas, and it’s only moderately digestible, so it bulks up stools,” she says. Beet pulp also helps reduce hairballs.
  
  How do I feed multiple cats?
  “No matter how great a food is, there can be too much of a good thing,” says Nelson. “Cats will gain weight if they eat more calories than they require.” She adds that, in a typical household with four cats, three of the four are overweight. To feed multiple cats, Dr. Nelson recommends that you …
  
  
  • Maintain separate bowls and separate eating areas. Baby gates can keep cats apart during mealtimes if separate rooms are not an option. Separation during feeding also makes it possible to feed a kitten or an ailing cat a special-needs formula while still feeding multi-cat food to the others.
  • Feed cats on a schedule, either two or three times a day. “Give them a specific amount of time to eat, and then remove the bowl,” says Nelson. Your pets will then not spend the day grazing, which can lead to weight gain. This most often happens when one cat makes a habit of grazing from the other’s dish.
  • Mix wet and dry food. “Cats fed higher protein diets, like wet food, tend to be healthier, maintain better weight and have fewer issues with diabetes,” says Nelson. Canned food also has higher water content, which helps stave off urinary issues. Some cats, however, prefer dry food, which also provides appropriate nutrition. If you feed both wet and dry food to your cats, just be sure to keep following daily recommended serving sizes so that you do not overfeed.
  
  
  ]]>Tue, 19 Oct 2010 03:05:55 GMThttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-242-10-2010.aspxhttp://blog.lovemypets.com/permalink-articles-240-10-2010.aspx The Dog Daily: Total Health Dog Summer Bummer Diseases By Kim Boatman for The Dog Daily Dr. Sheldon Rubin delivered sobering news to the owner of a schnauzer during a recent visit to hi....
  
  
  
  

  The Dog Daily: Total Health

  Dog Summer Bummer Diseases

  By Kim Boatman for The Dog Daily
  
  
  Dr. Sheldon Rubin delivered sobering news to the owner of a schnauzer during a recent visit to his Chicago practice. The dog tested positive for heartworm and faced a long, expensive treatment involving painful shots, says Dr. Rubin, DVM, who is president of the American Heartworm Society.
  
  The heartworm parasite in this case was most likely an unwelcome souvenir from last summer, believes Dr. Rubin, who is also a spokesperson for the American Veterinary Medical Association. A year ago, the affected dog’s owner had decided preventive medicine wasn’t necessary for a city pooch, but he learned the hard way that dogs are at risk no matter where they live.
  
  In this case, heartworm is just one dog disease that is spread by vectors like mosquitoes, fleas and ticks. Vectors spread parasites and organisms by biting an infected animal then transporting the disease when they bite healthy animals. Although your dog can contract a vector-borne illness year-round, summer is a prime time for these diseases.
  
  Summer Trouble
  It makes sense that the risk expands exponentially in the summer. Time spent outside frolicking with your pal, whether in the backyard, at the beach or camping, means more potential exposure to diseases such as heartworm and Lyme disease. The same warm summer temperatures that lure us outdoors are the same ones that jump-start mosquito, flea and tick populations. “It only takes one mosquito bite,’’ Dr. Rubin says of mosquitoes carrying the heartworm parasite. “It’s not like it takes a bunch of mosquito bites to infect your animal.”
  
  Dr. Stephen Steep believes yet another factor plays a role in spreading vector-borne diseases among dogs during the summer. We hit the road more at this time, and many of us bring our dogs along for the ride, says Dr. Steep, DVM, an Oxford, Mich., veterinarian and past president of the Michigan Veterinary Medical Association. Unfortunately bug pests can hitch a ride during such trips. “We’ve dramatically increased our exposure,” he says. “If you go to a dog park, a dog there might have visited another part of the country and brought back a parasite.”
  
  He and other veterinarians suggest that all dog owners, whether or not they are planning a summer trip, should educate themselves about these vector-borne diseases. Here’s a look at three of summer’s most common dog disease bummers:
  
  Heartworm disease
  
  
  • Vector: Mosquito Heartworm is now present in all 50 states, says Dr. Rubin.
    
    
  • Symptoms Look for loss of breath, lack of stamina or coughing in your dog. By the time your pal shows symptoms, however, the disease is usually advanced. Heartworms infest the chamber of the right side of the heart and the arteries in the lungs. Chances are you’ve seen graphic depictions of the disease at your veterinarian’s office.
    
    
  • Prevention Heartworm is easily prevented through topical medication or a monthly pill, says Dr. Rubin. While some pet owners dispense the medication just during the height of mosquito season, Dr. Rubin recommends a year-round program. You’ll see an added bonus, he says. “Almost all of the heartworm medications prevent intestinal parasites.”
    
    
  Lyme disease
  
  
  • Vector: Deer tick Even if you’re a conscientious dog owner who conducts tick checks on your dog, it’s not enough, says Dr. Steep. Deer ticks, the size of poppy seeds, are difficult to detec